Nginx高可用实践

1.准备工作

（1）准备两台服务器分别为主（192.168.137.100）和备（192.168.137.18）；

（2）两台服务器均安装完Nginx；

（3）两台服务器均要安装keepalived；

2.安装Nginx

（1）使用官方的RPM包进行安装

[root@nginx ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo   

[nginx]

name=nginx repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

（2）执行yum安装

[root@nginx ~]# yum install nginx -y

[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx

[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable nginx
 

3. 安装keepalived

[root@test ~]# yum install keepalived -y 
4.  配置主keepalived

[root@test ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/

[root@test keepalived]# cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak

[root@test keepalived]# > keepalived.conf

[root@test keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf

global_defs {

    vrrp_garp_interval 0

    vrrp_gna_interval 0

}

 

#VIP1

    vrrp_instance VI_1 {

      state MASTER

      interface ens33　　

      virtual_router_id 50　

      priority 100

      advert_int 1

      authentication {

         auth_type PASS

         auth_pass 1111

      }

      virtual_ipaddress {

         192.168.137.50

      }

   }

5. 主keepalived 传到备机并修改

[root@test keepalived]# scp keepalived.conf root@192.168.137.18:/etc/keepalived/

#切换到备机192.168.137.18(备)上去修改keepalived.conf，只需修改

state BACKUP

priority 90

[root@localhost keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf

global_defs {

    vrrp_garp_interval 0

    vrrp_gna_interval 0

}

 

#VIP1

    vrrp_instance VI_1 {

      state BACKUP

      interface ens33

      virtual_router_id 50

      priority 90

      advert_int 1

      authentication {

         auth_type PASS

         auth_pass 1111

      }

      virtual_ipaddress {

         192.168.137.50

      }

   }

6.  配置准备Nginx

#主192.168.137.100

[root@test yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak

[root@test yum.repos.d]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

[root@test yum.repos.d]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

web01

 

#备 192.168.137.18

[root@test yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak

[root@test yum.repos.d]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

[root@test yum.repos.d]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

web02

7.  启动服务并开机自启

[root@test yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx

[root@test yum.repos.d]# systemctl start keepalived

[root@test yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable nginx

[root@test yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable keepalived

 

8. 访问各站点（主备及VIP）

9.  测试主备切换

在主（192.168.137.100）上，停掉keepalived，测试主备切换

[root@test ~]# systemctl stop keepalived

刷新页面，VIP已切换到备（192.168.137.18）上

在主服务器上启动keepalived

[root@test ~]# systemctl start keepalived

刷新页面，发现切换回主服务器

10. Nginx存活测试

在主服务器（192.168.137.100）上添加以下参数：

global_defs {

    vrrp_garp_interval 0

    vrrp_gna_interval 0

}

vrrp_script chk_nginx {

    script "/opt/chknginx.sh"

    interval 1

    weight -20

}

#VIP1

    vrrp_instance VI_1 {

      state MASTER

      interface ens33

      virtual_router_id 50

      priority 100

      advert_int 1

      authentication {

         auth_type PASS

         auth_pass 1111

      }

      virtual_ipaddress {

         192.168.137.50

      }

      track_script {

        chk_nginx

      }

   }

 

#VIP1

    vrrp_instance VI_1 {

      state BACKUP

      interface ens33

      virtual_router_id 50

      priority 90

      advert_int 1

      authentication {

         auth_type PASS

         auth_pass 1111

      }

      virtual_ipaddress {

         192.168.137.50

      }

      track_script {

        chk_nginx

      }

   }

在/opt目录下创建chknginx.sh 文件并授予权限

[root@test ~]# vi /opt/chknginx.sh

#!/bin/bash

A=`ps -C nginx --no-header|wc -l`

if [ $A -eq 0 ];then

    systemctl start nginx

    if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header|wc -l` -eq 0 ];then

        killall keepalived

    fi

fi

[root@test ~]# chmod 775 /opt/chknginx.sh

在主Nginx上关闭服务器

[root@test ~]# shutdown -h now

则VIP会移动到备服务器上（192.168.137.180）上

在浏览器输入http://192.168.137.50 课查看是否跳转至备服务器-