C++STL总结——常用算法——拷贝和替换算法

包含头文件：algorithm

整合

//copy(begin_01, end_01, begin_02)
//容器内的指定范围的元素拷贝到另一个容器中
void copy_test() {
    vector<int> v1;
    vector<int> v2;

    v1.push_back(10);
    v1.push_back(30);
    v1.push_back(20);
    v1.push_back(40);

    //目标容器需要提前开辟空间
    v2.resize(v1.size());

    copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin());
}

//replace(begin, end, old_value, new_value)
//将指定范围内的旧元素替换成新元素
void replace_test() {
    vector<int> v;
    v.push_back(20);
    v.push_back(10);
    v.push_back(30);
    v.push_back(10);
    v.push_back(50);

    replace(v.begin(), v.end(), 10, 1000);
}

//replace_if(begin, end, function, new_value)
//按照条件替换元素，满足条件替换成指定元素
//第三个参数为仿函数，最后一个元素是新元素
class Greater_100 {
public:
    bool operator() (int v) {
        return v > 100;
    }
};
void replace_if_test() {
    vector<int> v;
    v.push_back(10);
    v.push_back(100);
    v.push_back(95);
    v.push_back(200);
    v.push_back(96);
    v.push_back(97);

    replace_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater_100(), 999);
}

//swap(container, container):参数为两个容器，交换两个容器内的元素
void swap_test() {
    vector<int> v1;
    vector<int> v2;

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        v1.push_back(i);
        v2.push_back(i*2);
    }

    swap(v1, v2);
}

copy

//copy(begin_01, end_01, begin_02)
//容器内的指定范围的元素拷贝到另一个容器中
void copy_test() {
    vector<int> v1;
    vector<int> v2;

    v1.push_back(10);
    v1.push_back(30);
    v1.push_back(20);
    v1.push_back(40);

    //目标容器需要提前开辟空间
    v2.resize(v1.size());

    copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin());
}

replace

//replace(begin, end, old_value, new_value)
//将指定范围内的旧元素替换成新元素
void replace_test() {
    vector<int> v;
    v.push_back(20);
    v.push_back(10);
    v.push_back(30);
    v.push_back(10);
    v.push_back(50);

    replace(v.begin(), v.end(), 10, 1000);
}

replace_if

//replace_if(begin, end, function, new_value)
//按照条件替换元素，满足条件替换成指定元素
//第三个参数为仿函数，最后一个元素是新元素
class Greater_100 {
public:
    bool operator() (int v) {
        return v > 100;
    }
};
void replace_if_test() {
    vector<int> v;
    v.push_back(10);
    v.push_back(100);
    v.push_back(95);
    v.push_back(200);
    v.push_back(96);
    v.push_back(97);

    replace_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater_100(), 999);
}

swap

//swap(container, container):参数为两个容器，交换两个容器内的元素
void swap_test() {
    vector<int> v1;
    vector<int> v2;

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        v1.push_back(i);
        v2.push_back(i*2);
    }

    swap(v1, v2);
}