Java 文件上传

导入包

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>

编写类

package com.xpz.util;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doGet(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            try{
//                判断上传的文件是普通文件还是带文件的表单
                if(!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)){
                    return;//终止方法运行，说明这是一个普通表单，直接返回
                }
//                创建上传文件的保存路径，建议在WEB-INF路径下，安全，用户无法直接访问上传文件
//                文件上传路径，一般都写成常量
                String uploadPath="";
                //如果文件不存在就创建目录
                File file=new File(uploadPath);
                if(!file.exists()){
                    file.mkdir();//创建临时目录
                }
//                处理上传的文件，一般都需要通过流来获取，我们可以使用 request getInputStream(),原生态的文件上传流获取，十分麻烦
//                但是我们都建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现，common-fileupload，它需要旅commons-io组件
                // 1、创建DiskFileItemFactory对象，处理文件路径或者大小限制
                DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(file);
                // 2、获取ServletFileUpload
                ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
                // 3、处理上传文件
                // 把前端请求解析，封装成FileItem对象，需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
                String msg = uploadParseRequest(upload, req, uploadPath);
                // Servlet请求转发消息
                System.out.println(msg);
                if(msg == "文件上传成功!") {
                    // Servlet请求转发消息
                    req.setAttribute("msg",msg);
                    req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req, resp);
                }else {
                    msg ="请上传文件";
                    req.setAttribute("msg",msg);
                    req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req, resp);
                }
            } catch (FileUploadException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

    }

    public static DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file){
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//        通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区，当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候，将它放到临时文件中
        factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024);//缓冲区大小为1M
        factory.setRepository(file);//临时目录的保存目录，需要一个file
        return factory;
    }
    public static ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory){
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//        监听上传进度
        upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
            //pBytesRead:已读取到的文件大小enctype="multipart/from-data"
            //pContextLength:文件大小
            @Override
            public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
                System.out.println("总大小"+pContentLength+"已上传"+pBytesRead+"进度"+((double)pBytesRead/pContentLength)*100+"%");
            }
        });
        //处理乱码问题
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");
        upload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*10);
        //设置总共能够上传文件的大小
        //1024 = 1kb * 1024 = 1M * 10 = 10м
        return upload;
    }

    public static String uploadParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload,HttpServletRequest request,String uploadPath) throws FileUploadException, IOException {
      String msg="";
      //把前端请求解析，封装成FileItem对象
        List<FileItem> fileItems=upload.parseRequest(request);
        for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
            if(fileItem.isFormField()){//判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
                //getFieldName指的是前端表单的控件的name
                String fieldName = fileItem.getFieldName();
                String string = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");//处理乱码
                System.out.println(fieldName+":"+string);
            }else {//判断它是上传文件
//                处理文件
//                拿到文件名 
                String uploadFileName  = fileItem.getName();
                if(uploadFileName.equals("") || uploadFileName==null){
                    continue;
                }

                // 获得上传的文件名/images/girl/paojie.png
                String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                // 获得文件的后缀名
                String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);

                /*
                 * 如果文件后缀名fileExtName不是我们所需要的 就直按return.不处理,告诉用户文件类型不对。
                 */

                System.out.println("文件信息[件名: " + fileName + " ---文件类型" + fileExtName + "]");
                // 可以使用UID（唯一识别的通用码),保证文件名唯
                // 0UID. randomUUID(),随机生一个唯一识别的通用码;
                String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();

                // ================处理文件完毕==============

                // 存到哪? uploadPath
                // 文件真实存在的路径realPath
                String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
                // 给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
                File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
                if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
                    realPathFile.mkdir();
                }
                // ==============存放地址完毕==============


                // 获得文件上传的流
                InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
                // 创建一个文件输出流
                // realPath =真实的文件夹;
                // 差了一个文件;加上翰出文件的名产"/"+uuidFileName
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);

                // 创建一个缓冲区
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                // 判断是否读取完毕
                int len = 0;
                // 如果大于0说明还存在数据;
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                    fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
                // 关闭流
                fos.close();
                inputStream.close();

                msg = "文件上传成功!";
                fileItem.delete(); // 上传成功,清除临时文件
                //=============文件传输完成=============
            }
        }
        return msg;

    }

}