Spring——Jdbc入门

目录

1、JdbcTemplate入门

2、Spring容器配置

3、查询操作

4、使用JdbcTemplate配置dao

5、问题

6、Spring支持的数据源配置


持久层总图:

1、JdbcTemplate入门

导入jar包:

JdbcDemo1:

package rumen;

import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;

public class JdbcDemo1 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws PropertyVetoException {
		ComboPooledDataSource cpds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
		cpds.setDriverClass("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
		cpds.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC");
		cpds.setUser("root");
		cpds.setPassword("mysql");
		
		//获取JdbcTemplate对象
		JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate();
		//设置数据源
		//两种写法
		//第一种
		jt.setDataSource(cpds);
		//第二种
		//JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate(cpds);
		
		String sql = "insert into account (name,money) values('jdbc',10000)";
		jt.execute(sql);

	}

}

2、Spring容器配置

JdbcDemo2:

package rumen;

import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;


public class JdbcDemo2 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws PropertyVetoException {
		ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("rumen/bean.xml");
		JdbcTemplate jt = ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate",JdbcTemplate.class);
		
		String sql = "insert into account (name,money) values('jdbc2',10000)";
		jt.execute(sql);
		System.out.println("ok");

	}

}

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        
        <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        	<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        	<property name="user" value="root"></property>
        	<property name="password" value="mysql"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

 

3、查询操作

JdbcDemo3:

package rumen;

import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;


public class JdbcDemo3 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws PropertyVetoException {
		ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("rumen/bean.xml");
		JdbcTemplate jt = ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate",JdbcTemplate.class);
		
		//保存
		jt.update("insert into account (name,money) values(?,?)", "jdbc3",2000);
		//修改
		jt.update("update account set name = ? where id = ?","jdbc4",5);
		//删除
		jt.update("delete  from account where id = ?",6);
		//查询所有
		List<Account> list = jt.query("select * from account", new AccountRow());
		for(Account a : list) {
			System.out.println(a.getId()+"\t"+a.getName()+"\t"+a.getMoney());
		}
		

	}
}

class AccountRow implements RowMapper<Account>{

	@Override
	public Account mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException {
		Account account = new Account();
		account.setId(rs.getInt(1));
		account.setName(rs.getString(2));
		account.setMoney(rs.getFloat(3));
		return account;
	}
	
}

查询一个数据:

//查询一个
		//第一种:
		List<Account> list2 = jt.query("select * from account where id = ?", new AccountRow(),1);
		System.out.println(list2.get(0));
		
		//第二种:
		Account a = jt.query("select * from account where id = ?", new AccountResult(),1);
		System.out.println(a);



class AccountResult implements ResultSetExtractor<Account>{

	@Override
	public Account extractData(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException, DataAccessException {
		Account account = null;
		if(rs.next()) {
			account = new Account();
			account.setId(rs.getInt(1));
			account.setName(rs.getString(2));
			account.setMoney(rs.getFloat(3));
		}
		return account;
	}
	
}

注:RowMapper接口有一个实现类BeanPropertyRowMapper用来封装,简化过程

使用条件:实体类中(Account)中的set方法和数据库中的列名要保存一致    setName = name

List<Account> list = jt.query("select * from account", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));
		for(Account a : list) {
			System.out.println(a.getId()+"\t"+a.getName()+"\t"+a.getMoney());
		}

查询一行一列:当我们sql语句使用了聚合函数,并且没有 order by子句时,返回的都是一行一列的结果

int i = jt.queryForObject("select count(*) from account", Integer.class);
		System.out.println(i);

4、使用JdbcTemplate配置dao

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        
        <bean id="accountDao" class="rumen.AccountDaoImpl">
        	<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        	<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        	<property name="user" value="root"></property>
        	<property name="password" value="mysql"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

AccountDaoImpl:

package rumen;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao{
	
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
		this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
	}

	@Override
	public Account findById(int id) {
		List<Account> list = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where id = ?",
				new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),id );
		return list.isEmpty()?null:list.get(0);
	}

	@Override
	public Account findByName(String name) {
		List<Account> list = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where name = ?",
				new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),name);
		
		if(list.isEmpty()) {
			return null;
		}
		if(list.size()>1) {
			throw new RuntimeException("账户名称不为一");
		}
		System.out.println(list.size());
		return list.get(0);
	}

	@Override
	public void update(Account account) {
		jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name = ? where id = ?",account.getName(),account.getId());
	}

}

JdbcDemo4:

package rumen;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class JdbcDemo4 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("rumen/bean.xml");
		IAccountDao ad = ac.getBean("accountDao",IAccountDao.class);
		
		Account account = ad.findById(7);
		System.out.println(account);
		
		Account account2 = new Account();
		account2.setName("jdbc2");
		account2.setId(7);
		ad.update(account2);
		
		Account account3 = ad.findByName("jdbc");
		System.out.println(account3);
	}

}

5、问题

重复代码:

解决:

JdbcDao:

package rumen;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class JdbcDao {
	
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
		this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
	}

	public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {
		return jdbcTemplate;
	}


}

AccountDaoImpl:

package rumen;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;

public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDao implements IAccountDao{
	
	@Override
	public Account findById(int id) {
		List<Account> list = getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where id = ?",
				new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),id );
		return list.isEmpty()?null:list.get(0);
	}

	@Override
	public Account findByName(String name) {
		List<Account> list = getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where name = ?",
				new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),name);
		
		if(list.isEmpty()) {
			return null;
		}
		if(list.size()>1) {
			throw new RuntimeException("账户名称不为一");
		}
		System.out.println(list.size());
		return list.get(0);
	}

	@Override
	public void update(Account account) {
		getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set name = ? where id = ?",account.getName(),account.getId());
	}

}

简化:

package rumen;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class JdbcDao {
	
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
		if(jdbcTemplate == null) {
			createJdbc(dataSource);
		}
	}
	
	public void createJdbc(DataSource dataSource) {
		jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
		
	}

	public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
		this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
	}

	public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {
		return jdbcTemplate;
	}


}
<bean id="accountDao" class="rumen.AccountDaoImpl">
        	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        	<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        	<property name="user" value="root"></property>
        	<property name="password" value="mysql"></property>
        </bean>

spring提供了一个JdbcDaoSupport类,可以产生以上相同的效果。

区别:如果用注解进行注入,用继承JdbcDaoSupport会很麻烦。

6、Spring支持的数据源配置

第一种:

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        	<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        	<property name="user" value="root"></property>
        	<property name="password" value="mysql"></property>
        </bean>

第二种:

<!-- spring提供的数据源 -->
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        	<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        	<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        	<property name="username" value="root"></property>
        	<property name="password" value="mysql"></property>
        </bean>

第三种:

导入:

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        	<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        	<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        	<property name="username" value="root"></property>
        	<property name="password" value="mysql"></property>
        </bean>

 

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