线程中与互斥锁相关概念及API(1):
互斥量(mutex)从本质上来说是一把锁,在访问共享资源前对互斥量进行加锁,在访问完成后释放互斥量上的锁。对互斥量进行加锁后,任何其他试图再次对互斥量加锁的线程将会被阻塞直到当前线程释放该互斥锁。如果释放互斥锁时有多个线程阻塞,所有在该互斥锁上的阻塞线程都会变成可运行状态,第一个变为可运行状态的线程可以对互斥量加锁,其他线程将会看到互斥锁依然被锁住,只能回去等待它重新变为可用。在这种方式下,每次只有一个线程可以向前运行。
1,创建及销毁互斥锁:
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *restrict attr);
int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t mutex);
要用默认的属性初始化互斥量,只需把attr设置为NULL。
2.加锁及解锁:
int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t * mutex);
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t * mutex);
代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
int g_data = 0; //共享内存空间
pthread_mutex_t mutex; //互斥锁
void *func1(void *arg)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); //加锁
printf("t1:%ld thread is creat\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
printf("t1:param is:%d\n",*((int *)arg));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); //消锁
pthread_exit(NULL); //退出线程
}
void *func2(void *arg)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); //加锁
printf("t2:%ld thread is creat\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
printf("t2:param is:%d\n",*((int *)arg));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); //消锁
pthread_exit(NULL); //退出线程
}
int main()
{
int param = 100;
pthread_t t1;
pthread_t t2;
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL); //初始化互斥锁
int ret = pthread_create(&t1,NULL,func1,(void*)¶m);
if(ret == 0){
printf("main :t1 pthread_creat success\n");
}
int ret2 = pthread_create(&t2,NULL,func2,(void*)¶m);
if(ret2 == 0){
printf("main :t2 pthread_creat success\n");
}
printf("main:%ld\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
pthread_join(t1,NULL); //等待
pthread_join(t2,NULL); //等待
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex); //销毁互斥锁
return 0;
}
运行结果为: