C++编程基础——字符串类设计与实现实战

头文件：

#ifndef _MYSTRING_H_
#define _MYSTRING_H_

#include <iostream>

namespace dj
{
    class mystring
    {
    private:
        char* buff;

    public:
        mystring();
        mystring(const char* str);
        mystring(const mystring& str);
        virtual ~mystring();

        int size() const;
        bool empty() const;
        const char* c_str() const;

        void append(char c);
        void append(const char* str);
        void append(int i);
        void insert(unsigned int pos, char c);
        void insert(unsigned int pos, const char* str);
        bool remove(char c);
        bool remove(const char* str);
        bool update(char old_c, char new_c);
        int find(char c);
        int find(const char* str);

        mystring& operator=(const mystring& str);
        bool operator==(const mystring& str);
        mystring operator+(const mystring& str); 
        char& operator[](int i);

        friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const mystring& s);
        friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, mystring& s);
    };
}


#endif

源文件：

#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include "mystring.h"

namespace dj
{

mystring::mystring()
{
    this->buff = new char{'\0'};
}

mystring::mystring(const char* str)
{
    this->buff = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
    strcpy(this->buff, str);
}

mystring::mystring(const mystring& str)
{
    this->buff = new char[strlen(str.buff) + 1];
    strcpy(this->buff, str.buff);
}

mystring::~mystring()
{
    if(this->buff != nullptr)
        delete[] this->buff;
}

int mystring::size() const
{  
    int cnt = 0;
    while(this->buff[cnt] != '\0') ++cnt;
    return cnt;
}

bool mystring::empty() const
{
    return this->buff[0] == '\0';
}

const char* mystring::c_str() const
{
    return this->buff;
}

void mystring::append(char c)
{
    char* tmp = new char[strlen(this->buff) + 1 + 1];
    sprintf(tmp, "%s%c", this->buff, c);
    delete[] this->buff;
    this->buff = tmp;
}

void mystring::append(const char* str)
{
    char* tmp = new char[strlen(this->buff) + strlen(str) + 1];
    sprintf(tmp, "%s%s", this->buff, str);
    delete[] this->buff;
    this->buff = tmp;
}

void mystring::append(int i)
{
    char num[15];
    sprintf(num, "%d", i);
    this->append(num);
}

void mystring::insert(unsigned int pos, char c)
{
    if(pos > strlen(this->buff)) 
        pos = strlen(this->buff);

    char* tmp = new char[strlen(this->buff) + 1 + 1];
    strncpy(tmp, this->buff, pos);
    sprintf(tmp + pos, "%c%s", c, this->buff + pos);
    delete[] this->buff;
    this->buff = tmp;
}

void mystring::insert(unsigned int pos, const char* str)
{
    if(pos > strlen(this->buff)) 
        pos = strlen(this->buff);

    char* tmp = new char[strlen(this->buff) + strlen(str) + 1];
    strncpy(tmp, this->buff, pos);
    sprintf(tmp + pos, "%s%s", str, this->buff + pos);
    delete[] this->buff;
    this->buff = tmp;
}

bool mystring::remove(char c)
{
    int pos;
    for(pos = 0; this->buff[pos] != '\0' && this->buff[pos] != c; pos++);

    if(this->buff[pos] == '\0') return false;

    do
    {
        this->buff[pos] = this->buff[pos + 1];
        pos++;
    } while (this->buff[pos] != '\0');
    
    return true;
}

bool mystring::remove(const char* str)
{
    char* p = strstr(this->buff, str);

    if(nullptr == p) return false;

    int pos = p - this->buff;
    int len = strlen(str);

    do
    {
        this->buff[pos] = this->buff[pos + len];
        pos++;
    } while (this->buff[pos] != '\0');
    
    return true;
}

bool mystring::update(char old_c, char new_c)
{
    int pos;
    for(pos = 0; this->buff[pos] != '\0' && this->buff[pos] != old_c; pos++);

    if(this->buff[pos] == '\0') return false; 

    this->buff[pos] = new_c;

    return true;   
}

int mystring::find(char c)
{
    int pos;
    for(pos = 0; this->buff[pos] != '\0'; pos++)
    {
        if(this->buff[pos] == c) return pos;
    }

    return -1;
}

int mystring::find(const char* str)
{
    char* p = strstr(this->buff, str);
    if(nullptr == p) return -1;
    return p - this->buff;
}

mystring& mystring::operator=(const mystring& str)
{
    delete[] this->buff;
    this->buff = new char[strlen(str.buff) + 1];
    strcpy(this->buff, str.buff);  

    return *this;
}

bool mystring::operator==(const mystring& str)
{
    return !strcmp(this->buff, str.buff);
}

mystring mystring::operator+(const mystring& str)
{
    mystring tmp;
    tmp.append(this->buff);
    tmp.append(str.buff);
    return tmp;
}

char& mystring::operator[](int i)
{
    return this->buff[i];
}

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const mystring& s)
{
    out << s.buff;
    return out;
}

std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, mystring& s)
{
    char tmp[1025];
    in.getline(tmp, sizeof(tmp));

    delete[] s.buff;
    s.buff = new char[strlen(tmp) + 1];
    strcpy(s.buff, tmp);    

    return in;
}

}

调用文件：

#include <iostream>
#include "mystring.h"
#include <string>
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    // mystring s1;
    // mystring s2("abcd");
    // mystring s3 = "123";

    // s1 = "hello";

    // cout << s1.size() << endl;
    // cout << s2.size() << endl;
    // cout << s3.size() << endl;

    // s3 = "";

    // if(s3.empty())
    // {
    //     cout << "s3 is empty!" << endl;
    // }

    // s1.append(',');
    // s1.append("world");
    // s1.append(123);
    // s1.insert(0, "haha ");
    // s1.insert(5, "你好 ");
    // s1.remove(' ');
    // s1.remove("123");

    // if(!s1.remove("432"))
    // {
    //     cout << "删除失败！" << endl;
    // }

    // cout << s1 << endl;

    // while(s1.update('a', 'b'));

    // cout << s1 << endl;

    // mystring userName;

    // cout << "用户名：";
    // cin >> userName;

    // if(userName == "zhangsan")
    // {
    //     cout << "用户名正确！" << endl;
    // }

    // printf("%s\n", userName.c_str());

    // s1 = s2 + s3 + "abc";

    // s1 = mystring("abc") + "def";

    // cout << s1 << endl;

    // string s = "abcdef";

    // const char* p = s.c_str();

    // for(int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
    //     cout << s[i] << endl;

    // s[2] = 'm'; 

    // cout << s << endl;   

    using namespace dj;
    
    mystring s = "fdsafdlfldasfkljdsafkljdsafkljdsafkljdsafd;asfdasf";

    cout << sizeof(s) << endl;
    cout << s.size() << endl;

    return 0;
}