【Mac】MySQL5.7安装教程（最详细避免踩坑）

MySQL下载

1.从 MySQL 官网 MySQL，找到【DOWNLOADS】 

2.往下拉找到【MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads »】

3.下载社区服务【Community Server】

4.根据自身需求下载版本【此处选择5.7.31】

tips：尽量不要选择rc版本，可能会导致安装后 Navicat 无法连接问题【并且后续使用Java的JDBC和MyBatis等连接数据库也连接不成功】

MySQL安装

1.下载完成后，双击打开 mysql-5.7.31-macos10.14-x86_64.dmg，按照步骤操作即可

2.下面这个页面需要把账号密码记录下来，该页面记录了MySQL初始密码，如果记录没了，后续就无法登录MySQL了

3.安装完毕后，在【系统偏好设置】会有一个MySQL的图标

 4.点击启动服务

5.官网说明中：从5.7.18开始不在二进制包中提供my-default.cnf文件【5.7.18前的版本可以检查一下 etc 目录下是否存在，如果 etc 目录下没有 my.cnf，可以找找安装包中有没有提供 my-default.cnf，有的话拷贝到 etc 目录下，并且修改文件名为 my.cnf】

既然官网不再提供，那就需要我们自己去创建啦

通过 command + 空格，输入 terminal.app 打开终端

#在 /etc 新建 my.cnf 文件
sudo vim /etc/my.cnf

在 vim 编辑器中点击 i 进入编辑模式【左下角显示为 -INSERT-】，输入以下内容

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
#password=your_password
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
character-set-server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id   = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,
#    MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;
#
#    where you replace , ,  by quoted strings and
#     by the master's port number (3306 by default).  
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and  
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
default-character-set=utf8

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

 编辑完成后，点击 esc 进入末行模式，输入法必须是英文模式，输入 :wq 进行保存

6.设置文件权限

sudo chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf

7.重启MySQL服务，在【系统偏好设置】-【MySQL】关闭服务，在打开即可

MySQL安装终于大功告成了

MySQL使用

1.打开终端

在终端执行命令echo $SHELL获得终端类型：

• /bin/zsh => zsh => .zshrc
• /bin/bash => bash => .bash_profile

 如果看到的是/bin/zsh

sudo echo 'PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-5.7.31-macos10.14-x86_64/bin'>> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc

如果看到的是/bin/bash

sudo echo 'PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-5.7.31-macos10.14-x86_64/bin'>> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

2.使用命令

mysql -uroot -p

输入初始密码【输入时，密码不可见，拷贝初始密码后粘贴后直接 enter 即可】，进入 mysql 以后

修改密码【红字为密码，根据自身需求修改】

1：SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('yourpassword');

2：FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

然后使用 Navicat 等第三方工具连接 MySQL 后就可以使用MySQL啦

如果没有初始密码解决方案

#打开终端，找到mysql所在位置
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
#执行命令，如果提示password输入开机密码
sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
#打开一个新终端 command+N，执行命令
mysql -u root

#修改密码
UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD('你想要的密码') WHERE User='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

MySQL卸载

在此处也提供一下卸载方法，如果下载时，真的没有保存到初始密码，可以卸载后在安装一次【一般查看消息也会有记录】

在终端逐行执行以下命令

1. sudo rm /usr/local/mysql
2. sudo rm -rf /usr/local/mysql*
3. sudo rm -rf /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM
4. sudo rm -rf /Library/PreferencePanes/My*
5. rm -rf ~/Library/PreferencePanes/My*
6. sudo rm -rf /Library/Receipts/mysql*
7. sudo rm -rf /Library/Receipts/MySQL*
8. sudo rm -rf /var/db/receipts/com.mysql.*