装饰者模式

介绍

目的：解决扩展性不好，解决继承不符合开闭原则的问题，比如我们定义了两个类——>米饭+面条，然后定义一个火腿那么就会产生更多的子类

我们可以通过桥接模式进行组合，是+火腿还是加蛋客户端自己去set即可

(40条消息) 组合模式+桥接模式_Fairy要carry的博客-CSDN博客

我们这个装饰者模式强调的是一种功能上的扩展（在不改变原有对象结构的情况下）

通过组合不同的装饰者对象来获取具有不同行为状态的多样化的结果。装饰者模式比继承更具良好的扩展性，完美的遵循开闭原则，继承是静态的附加责任，装饰者则是动态的附加责任

代码

// 快餐接口
public abstract class FastFood {
    private float price;
    private String desc;

    public FastFood() {
    }

    public FastFood(float price, String desc) {
        this.price = price;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    public void setDesc(String desc) {
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public abstract float cost();  //获取价格
}

// 炒饭
public class FriedRice extends FastFood {

    public FriedRice() {
        super(10, "炒饭");
    }

    public float cost() {
        return getPrice();
    }
}

// 炒面
public class FriedNoodles extends FastFood {

    public FriedNoodles() {
        super(12, "炒面");
    }

    public float cost() {
        return getPrice();
    }
}

// 配料类
public abstract class Garnish extends FastFood {

    private FastFood fastFood;

    public FastFood getFastFood() {
        return fastFood;
    }

    public void setFastFood(FastFood fastFood) {
        this.fastFood = fastFood;
    }

    public Garnish(FastFood fastFood, float price, String desc) {
        super(price,desc);
        this.fastFood = fastFood;
    }
}

// 鸡蛋配料
public class Egg extends Garnish {

    public Egg(FastFood fastFood) {
        super(fastFood,1,"鸡蛋");
    }

    public float cost() {
        return getPrice() + getFastFood().getPrice();
    }

    @Override
    public String getDesc() {
        return super.getDesc() + getFastFood().getDesc();
    }
}

// 培根配料
public class Bacon extends Garnish {

    public Bacon(FastFood fastFood) {

        super(fastFood,2,"培根");
    }

    @Override
    public float cost() {
        return getPrice() + getFastFood().getPrice();
    }

    @Override
    public String getDesc() {
        return super.getDesc() + getFastFood().getDesc();
    }
}

// 测试类
public class Client {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        //点一份炒饭
        FastFood food = new FriedRice();

        System.out.println(food.getDesc() + "  " + food.cost() + "元");

        System.out.println("===============");

        //在上面的炒饭中加一个鸡蛋
        food = new Egg(food);
        System.out.println(food.getDesc() + "  " + food.cost() + "元");

        System.out.println("================");
        //再加一个鸡蛋
        food = new Egg(food);
        System.out.println(food.getDesc() + "  " + food.cost() + "元");

        System.out.println("================");
        food = new Bacon(food);
        System.out.println(food.getDesc() + "  " + food.cost() + "元");
    }
}