二十一、Form窗体请求后台接口，获取接口返回数据

目录

1、调用请求的几种方式（有GET、POST、DELETE、PUT）

2、测试调用请求方式，向后端接口发起请求并接收接口返回的数据

---

1、调用请求的几种方式（有GET、POST、DELETE、PUT）

namespace HttpRequestCore
{
    public class RequestCore
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Get请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">请求路径</param>
        /// <param name="param">参数</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">请求超时时间，以毫秒为单位</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ApiGet(string path, string param, int timeout)
        {
            string pathAndParam = path;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(param))
            {
                pathAndParam += "?" + param;
            }
            //创建一个HttpWebRequest对象，用来请求后台
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(pathAndParam);
            request.Method = "GET"; //请求方式：GET，POST，PUT， DELETE
            request.Timeout = timeout; //请求超时时间
            //request.Headers.Add("token", Token); //设置请求头，接口拦截器那边可以获取请求头内容判断
            try 
            {
                WebResponse response = request.GetResponse(); //相当于后台返回的对象
                Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream(); //response流
                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8);
                string json = sr.ReadToEnd(); //读取接口返回的数据
                                              //释放对象
                response.Close();
                sr.Close();
                stream.Close();
                return json;
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                return "响应出现错误："+e.Message;
            }
            
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Post请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">请求路径</param>
        /// <param name="param">参数</param>
        /// <param name="body">主体内容</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">请求超时时间，以毫秒为单位</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ApiPost(string path, string param, string body, int timeout = 5000)
        {
            string pathAndParam = path;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(param))
            {
                pathAndParam += "?" + param;
            }
            //创建一个HttpWebRequest对象，用来请求后台
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(pathAndParam);
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.Timeout = timeout;
            request.ContentType = "application/json;UTF-8"; //设置类型
            //request.Headers.Add("token", Token); //设置请求头，接口拦截器那边可以获取请求头内容判断
            //把主体内容添加到请求数据中
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(body))
            {
                byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
                request.ContentLength = buffer.Length; //主体内容的字节长度
                Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream(); //存放请求的数据
                requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //把主体内容写到流中
            }
            WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
            Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
            string json = sr.ReadToEnd();
            return json;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Delete请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">请求路径</param>
        /// <param name="param">参数</param>
        /// <param name="body">主体内容</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">请求超时时间，以毫秒为单位</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ApiDelete(string path, string param, int timeout = 5000)
        {
            string pathAndParam = path;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(param))
            {
                pathAndParam += "?" + param;
            }
            //创建一个HttpWebRequest对象，用来请求后台
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(pathAndParam);
            request.Method = "DELETE";
            request.Timeout = timeout;

            WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
            Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
            string json = sr.ReadToEnd();
            //释放对象
            response.Close();
            sr.Close();
            responseStream.Close();
            return json;
        }

    }
}

2、测试调用请求方式，向后端接口发起请求并接收接口返回的数据

namespace HttpApiForm
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //接口地址
        private string HttpPath { get; set; } = "http://127.0.0.1:5000";

        private string Token { get; set; } = "123456";

       
        private void btnPost_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Dictionary<string, object> dic = new Dictionary<string, object>()
            {
                ["tName"] = "张",
                ["tCity"] = "郑州"
            };
            string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic);
            string json1 = RequestCore.ApiPost($"{HttpPath}/baseUser/selects", null, json);
            JsonData<List<BaseUser>> jsonData = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JsonData<List<BaseUser>>>(json1);
        }

        private void btnGet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string json = RequestCore.ApiGet($"{HttpPath}/baseUser/selectAll", null, 5000);
            //第一种解析方式
            //Dictionary<string, object> dic = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(json);
            //string code = dic["code"].ToString();
            //JToken jTokenData = (JToken)dic["data"];
            //JToken[] jtokens = jTokenData.ToArray(); //人员集合
            //JToken jTokenUser = jtokens[0]; //第一个人员
            //string id = jTokenUser["id"].ToString();
            //string tName = jTokenUser["tName"].ToString();

            //第二种解析方式
            JsonData<List<BaseUser>> jsonData = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JsonData<List<BaseUser>>>(json);
            if (jsonData.Code != 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("失败：" + jsonData.Message);
                return;
            }
            foreach (BaseUser user in jsonData.Data)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"姓名：{user.TName}，城市：{user.TCity}");
            }

            json = ApiGet($"{HttpPath}/baseUser/selectById", "id=1", 5000);
            JsonData<BaseUser> jsonData2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JsonData<BaseUser>>(json);

        }
    }



    public class JsonData<T>
    {
        public int Code { get; set; }
        public string Message { get; set; }

        //public List<Dictionary<string, object>> Data { get; set; }
        //public List<BaseUser> Data { get; set; }

        public T Data { get; set; }
    }

    public class BaseUser
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string TName { get; set; }
        public string TCity { get; set; }
        public decimal TMoney { get; set; }
    }
}