当字段定义为私有时，其他类的两种访问方法

[法1]  通过共有方法返回私有成员

 class person
    {
        string name;   //私有字段
        int age;
        public person(string name, int age)    //构造函数1
        {
            this.name = name;   
            this.age = age;
        }
        public person(string name)          //构造函数2
        {
            this.name = name;
        }
        public person() : this("sb", 20) { }     //构造函数3
        
        public string getName()        //公有方法
        {
            return this.name;
        }
        public int getAge()
        {
            return this.age;
        }
    }
    class test
    {
        static void Main() 
        {
            person p = new person();       //构造函数3
            Console.WriteLine("姓名："+p.getName()+" 年龄："+p.getAge());

            person p2 = new person("李四",40);       //构造函数1
            Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + p2.getName() + " 年龄：" + p2.getAge());

            person p3 = new person(" 张三");    //构造函数2
            Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + p3.getName() + " 年龄：" + p3.getAge());

        }
    }

[法2]  通过访问私有成员的属性

 class person
    {
        string name;
        int age;
        public string Name             //属性
        {
            get { return name; }
            set { name = value; }
        }
        public int Age 
        {
            get { return age; }
            set { age = value; }
        }
        public person(string name, int age)    //构造函数1
        {
            this.name = name;   
            this.age = age;
        }
        public person(string name)          //构造函数2
        {
            this.name = name;
        }
        public person() : this("陶萱", 20) { }     //构造函数3
        public void sayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello,my name is "+this.name);
        }
        public void sayHello(person another)
        { 
            Console.WriteLine("Hello,"+another.name+"my name is "+this.name);
        }
        public bool isOlderThan(int anAge)
        {
            if(this.age<anAge)
                return false;
            else
                return true;

        }
        public string getName() 
        {
            return this.name;
        }
        public int getAge()
        {
            return this.age;
        }
    }
    class test
    {
        static void Main() 
        {
            person p = new person();       //构造函数3
            Console.WriteLine("姓名："+p.getName()+" 年龄："+p.getAge());
            Console.WriteLine("姓名："+p.Name+" 年龄："+p.Age );      //属性的调用

            person p2 = new person("王昱",40);       //构造函数1
            Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + p2.getName() + " 年龄：" + p2.getAge());

            person p3 = new person("张志祥");    //构造函数2
            Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + p3.getName() + " 年龄：" + p3.getAge());

        }
    }