工厂模式
作用:由工厂来进行创建对象,同时到达了解耦合的效果
耦合:代码被硬编码在了程序中,后期维护的代技大。
例子1(自己创建一个BeanFactory)
1. pom.xml
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring常用依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.DAO
/**
* 持久层实现类
*/
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void addUser(){
System.out.println("insert into tb_user......");
}
}
3.Service
/**
* 业务层实现类
*/
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
//此处有依赖关系是service和BeanFactory
private UserDao userDao = (UserDao)BeanFactory.getBean("userDao");
public void addUser(){
userDao.addUser();
}
}
4.BeanFactory
public class BeanFactory {
//定义一个容器,用于存放对象
private static Map<String, Object> beans = new HashMap<>();
/**
* 加载配置文件
*/
static {
try {
//2、读取配置文件
//不能使用:web工程发布后没有src目录
//InputStream is = new FileInputStream("src/bean.properties");
InputStream is =
BeanFactory_v3.class.getClassLoader()
.getResourceAsStream("bean.properties");
//3、通过反射创建对象,把对象存到容器中
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.load(is);
Set<Map.Entry<Object, Object>> entrySet = prop.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry : entrySet) {
String key = entry.getKey().toString();
String beanName = entry.getValue().toString();
Object value = Class.forName(beanName).newInstance();
beans.put(key, value);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 4、在使用的时候,直接从工厂拿
* @param beanName
* @return
*/
public static Object getBean(String beanName) {
try {
return beans.get(beanName);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
5.测试
/**
* 模拟表现层
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.通过自己定义工厂的方法获取对象
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) BeanFactory.getBean("userDao");
System.out.println(userDao);
UserService userService = (UserService) BeanFactory.getBean("userService");
System.out.println(userService);
userService.addUser();
}
}
例子2(由Spring的工厂创建——IOC)
1. pom.xml
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring常用依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.DAO
/**
* 持久层实现类
*/
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void addUser(){
System.out.println("insert into tb_user......");
}
}
3.Service
/**
* 业务层实现类
*/
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
//此处有依赖关系
private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
public void addUser(){
userDao.addUser();
}
}
4.applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--1、注意:要导入schema约束-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--
2、把对象交给spring来创建
id:给对象在容器中提供一个唯一标识。用于获取对象
class:指定类的全限定类名。用于反射创建对象。默认情况下调用无参构造函数
-->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.by.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.by.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>
5.测试
/**
* 模拟表现层
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.使用ApplicationContext接口,就是在获取spring容器
ApplicationContext ac = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//2.根据bean的id获取对象
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDao");
System.out.println(userDao);
UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userService");
System.out.println(userService);
userService.addUser();
}
}