随笔记录
背景介绍：重装Centos7 系统，没有安装mysql
目录
2. MySQL官网下载适用于centos7的mysql安装包
2.3.7.4 首先需要设置密码的验证强度等级，设置 validate_password_policy 的全局参数为 LOW
2.3.7.5 当前密码长度为 8 ，可以设置为4位的密码：
2.3.9.3 修改Mysql 远程连接 ：修改root用户的host值，并刷新mysql数据库
1. 查看否有MariaDB与MySQL
# 查本地是否有相应的mysql（或者先检查是否有mariadb存在)
[root@localhost Tools]# ps ajx|grep mariadb
210088 228505 228504 210088 pts/1 228504 S+ 0 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# ps ajx|grep mysql
210088 228537 228536 210088 pts/1 228536 S+ 0 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@localhost Tools]#
注意： MariaDB是一种开源的关系型数据库管理系统（RDBMS），它是MySQL的一个分支。
它提供了与MySQL高度兼容的功能和语法，同时还具有一些额外的功能和改进2. MySQL官网下载适用于centos7的mysql安装包
2.1 查询服务器是x86_64架构还是arm架构
# uname -m
or
# arch
[root@localhost Tools]# uname -m
x86_64
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# arch
x86_64 # linux 服务器 x86_64
[root@localhost Tools]#
2.2 查系统版本
[root@localhost Tools]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]#2.3 下载适用于系统版本安装包
2.3.1 国内镜像源下载安装包
官方的软件仓库下载速度可能较慢，建议采用国内的镜像。如果采用清华镜像，下面链接的方法：
mysql | 镜像站使用帮助 | 清华大学开源软件镜像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror
# /etc/yum.repos.d/ 路径下新建 mysql-community.repo
[root@localhost Tools]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo epel.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo epel-testing.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi mysql-community.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
[root@localhost Tools]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-connectors-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-tools-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
[mysql-8.0-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-8.0-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
[root@localhost Tools]#
2.3.2 安装 MySQL
# yum install mysql-community-server
# 以上命令除了会安装 mysql-community-server (MySQL server)，还会安装它依赖的其它软件包。
[root@localhost Tools]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
* epel: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
mysql-8.0-community | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 98 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): mysql-8.0-community/x86_64/primary_db | 279 kB 00:00:00
(3/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 109 kB 00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.35-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-icu-data-files = 8.0.35-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.35-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-icu-data-files.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 1.5 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 669 k
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 64 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 16 M
mysql-community-client-plugins x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 3.5 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 665 k
mysql-community-icu-data-files x86_64 8.0.35-1.el7 mysql-8.0-community 2.2 M
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================
Install 3 Packages (+4 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 89 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y # y
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql-8.0-community/packages/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/7): mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 3.5 MB 00:00:09
(2/7): mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 665 kB 00:00:00
(3/7): mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:00:03
(4/7): mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:00:02
(5/7): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 669 kB 00:00:00
(6/7): mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 16 MB 00:00:40
(7/7): mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 64 MB 00:01:18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 944 kB/s | 89 MB 00:01:36
Retrieving key from https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
Importing GPG key 0x3A79BD29:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
Fingerprint: 859b e8d7 c586 f538 430b 19c2 467b 942d 3a79 bd29
From : https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
Is this ok [y/N]: y # y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 1/8
Installing : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 2/8
Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 3/8
Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 4/8
Installing : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 5/8
Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 6/8
Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 7/8
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 8/8
Verifying : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 1/8
Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 2/8
Verifying : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 3/8
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 4/8
Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 5/8
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 6/8
Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 7/8
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 8/8
Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
mysql-community-icu-data-files.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7
Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost Tools]#
2.3.3 运行 MySQL
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost Tools]#
2.3.4 初始化
# 初始化
# mysqld --initialize
[root@localhost Tools]# mysqld --initialize
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-12-11T06:19:02.169003Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: np1bH=nX7STs
[root@localhost Tools]#
2.3.5 查看默认密码
# 查看默认密码
# localhost后面的最后的那一大串字符，就是密码，复制下来。
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-12-11T06:19:02.169003Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: np1bH=nX7STs # 密码：np1bH=nX7STs
[root@localhost Tools]#
2.3.6 登录
# 登录
# mysql -uroot -p
[root@localhost Tools]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: #输入 2.3.5 查询的默认密码后回车即可登录 mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.35
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.3.7 重置root密码
2.3.7.1 重置密码不符合mysql8.0 策略要求
#安装Mysql8.0后，第一次登录执行除修改密码的相关语句会出现如下错误（如图所示）：
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yusur666';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql>
2.3.7.2 重置密码符合Mysql8.0 策略要求
# mysql 8.0 密码策略要求
# 密码必须为8位，需要一个以上的小写字母和大写字母，需要一个以上的数字以及需要一个以上的特殊字符
# 如果登录后不修改密码，基本无法做任何操作
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Yusur@666';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
2.3.7.3 查看 mysql 初始的密码策略
mysql> show variables like 'validate%';
+-------------------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.changed_characters_percentage | 0 |
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 8 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+-------------------------------------------------+--------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>2.3.7.4 首先需要设置密码的验证强度等级，设置 validate_password_policy 的全局参数为 LOW
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 2.3.7.5 当前密码长度为 8 ，可以设置为4位的密码：
mysql> set global validate_password.length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>2.3.7.6 查看修改后的密码策略
mysql> show variables like 'validate%';
+-------------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.changed_characters_percentage | 0 |
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 4 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | LOW |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+-------------------------------------------------+-------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
2.3.7.7 修改简单密码
# alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '<simple new password>';
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'yusur666';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
2.3.7.8 重启mysql 服务后，新密码登录
# 重启mysql f服务，后重新登录
[root@localhost Tools]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: #输入新密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.35 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.3.8 检查是否已经设置为开机启动MySQL服务
[root@localhost Tools]#
[root@localhost Tools]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld
mysqld.service enabled # 已设置为开机启动
mysqld@.service disabled
[root@localhost Tools]#
# 如果没有设置为开机启动则执行
# systemctl enable mysqld.service2.3.9 Mysql 设置远程
Naviicate 远程连接Mysql 时出错，可能因为Mysql 没有设置远程连接，仅支持本地连接
2.3.9.1 查看mysql 连接
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>
2.3.9.2 查看可登录mysql的host
# select host, user from user;
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
# host部分全部都是localhost，说明用户只能本地连接msyql服务2.3.9.3 修改Mysql 远程连接 ：修改root用户的host值，并刷新mysql数据库
# update user set user.host=’%'where user.user=‘root’;
# flush privileges;
mysql> update user set user.host='%' where user.user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>2.3.9.4 Navicate 远程连接Mysql8.0 成功
2.4 官网下载，太慢
注意：此处徐Oracel Accout，并登录
到此 Centos7 第一次安装 Mysql8.0 已完成操作
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