代码随想录算法训练营Day29| 回溯算法part05

代码随想录算法训练营Day29| 回溯算法part05

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一、491.递增子序列

class Solution {
    //结果集合
    List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
    //路径集合
    LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();
    public List<List<Integer>> findSubsequences(int[] nums) {
        getSubsequences(nums,0);
        return res;
    }
    private void getSubsequences( int[] nums, int start ) {
        if(path.size()>1 ){
            res.add( new ArrayList<>(path) );

        }
        HashMap<Integer,Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
        for(int i=start ;i < nums.length ;i++){
            if(!path.isEmpty() && nums[i]< path.getLast()){
                continue;
            }
            // 使用过了当前数字
            if ( map.getOrDefault( nums[i],0 ) >=1 ){
                continue;
            }
            map.put(nums[i],map.getOrDefault( nums[i],0 )+1);
            path.add( nums[i] );
            getSubsequences( nums,i+1 );
            path.removeLast();
        }
    }
}

二、46.全排列

class Solution {
    List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();
    LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();
    public List<List<Integer>> permute(int[] nums) {
        if (nums.length == 0) return result;
        backtrack(nums, path);
        return result;
    }
    public void backtrack(int[] nums, LinkedList<Integer> path) {
        if (path.size() == nums.length) {
            result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
        }
        for (int i =0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            if (path.contains(nums[i])) {
                continue;
            } 
            path.add(nums[i]);
            backtrack(nums, path);
            path.removeLast();
        }
    }
}

三、47.全排列 II

class Solution {
    boolean[] vis;

    public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {
        List<List<Integer>> ans = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
        List<Integer> perm = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        vis = new boolean[nums.length];
        Arrays.sort(nums);
        backtrack(nums, ans, 0, perm);
        return ans;
    }

    public void backtrack(int[] nums, List<List<Integer>> ans, int idx, List<Integer> perm) {
        if (idx == nums.length) {
            ans.add(new ArrayList<Integer>(perm));
            return;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; ++i) {
            if (vis[i] || (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1] && !vis[i - 1])) {
                continue;
            }
            perm.add(nums[i]);
            vis[i] = true;
            backtrack(nums, ans, idx + 1, perm);
            vis[i] = false;
            perm.remove(idx);
        }
    }
}