实现c++中的String类

在本文中我们自己将自己定义并测试c++中的string类。

实现代码如下：

#pragma once
//String.h
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma warning(disable:4996)
class String {
private:
	char* str;
	int size;
public:
	String();
	String(const char* p);
	String(String& p);
	~String();
	int Length();
	String& operator=(const String& p);
	String operator+(const String& p);
	String& operator+=(const String& p);
	char& operator[](int i);
	bool operator==(const String& p);
	bool operator<(const String& p);
	String operator=(const char* p);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,String& p);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& in,String& p);
};
String::String() {
	size = 0;
	str = new char[1];
	str[0] = '\0';
}
String::String(const char* p) {
	size = strlen(p);
	str = new char[size + 1];
	strcpy_s(str,size+1, p);
}
String::String(String& p) {
	size = p.size;
	str = new char[size + 1];
	strcpy_s(str, size+1, p.str);
}
String::~String() {
	if (str != NULL) {
		delete[] str;
		str = NULL;
		size = 0;
	}

}
int String::Length() {
	return size;
}
String String::operator+(const String& p)
{
	String a;
	a.size = size + p.size;
	delete[]a.str;
	a.str = new char[a.size + 1];
	memset(a.str, 0, a.size);
	strcat_s(a.str, size+1, str);
	cout << a << endl;
	strcat_s(a.str,a.size+1, p.str);
	cout << a << endl;
	cout << a << endl;
	return a;
}
String& String::operator+=(const String& p) {
	*this = *this + p;
	return *this;
}
char& String::operator[](int i) {
	if (i >= size)
	{
		cout << "索引超过最大值" << endl;
		return str[0];
	}
	return str[i];
}
bool String::operator==(const String& p) {
	return !strcmp(str, p.str);
}
bool String::operator<(const String& p) {
	if (size < p.size)return true;
	else return false;
}
String String::operator=(const char* p) {
	size = strlen(p);
	str = new char[size + 1];
	strcpy_s(str, size + 1, p);
	return *this;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,String& p) {
	out << p.str;
	return out;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& in, String& p) {
	in >> p.str;
	const char* tem = p.str;
	p.size = strlen(tem);
	p.str = new char[p.size + 1];
	strcpy(p.str, tem);
	return in;
}
String& String::operator=(const String& p)
{
	if (this != &p) 
	{
		size = p.size;
		str = new char[size + 1];
		strcpy(str, p.str);
	}
	return *this;
}

测试代码如下：

#include"String.h"
int main() {
	String s1("Help!"), s2("Good!"), s3(s2), s4, s5;
	cout << "s1=" << s1 <<endl;
	s3 = "Hello!";
	cout << "s3=" << s3 << endl;
	s3 = s2;
	cout << "s3=" << s3 << endl;
	s3 +=s2;
	cout << "s3=" << s3 << endl;
	cin >> s4;
	cout << "s4=" << s4 << endl;
	s5 = s3 + s4;
	cout << "s5=" << s5 << endl;
	s5[0] = 'g';
	cout << "s5=" << s5 << endl;
	cout << "strlen(s5)=" << s5.Length() << endl;
	cout << boolalpha << (s3 == s1) << endl;
	cout << boolalpha << (s3 < s1) << endl;
	return 0;
}