Dockerfile镜像操作实例

目录

 一，构建apache容器服务

=====如果有网络报错提示=====

 二，构建ssh镜像

 三，升级ssh镜像，构建systemctl镜像

 四，tomcat 镜像

 五，部署LNMP镜像

部署nginx（容器IP 为 172.18.0.10）

部署mysql（容器IP 为 172.18.0.20）

部署php（容器IP 为 172.18.0.30）

---

 一，构建apache容器服务

#建立工作目录
mkdir /opt/apache
cd /opt/apache

vim Dockerfile
#基于的基础镜像
FROM centos:7

#维护镜像的用户信息
MAINTAINER this is apache image <wl>

#镜像操作指令安装apache软件
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install httpd

#开启80端口
EXPOSE 80

#复制网站首页文件
ADD index.html /var/www/html/index.html

======方法一=======:
#将执行脚本复制到镜像中.
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /run.sh
#启动容器时执行脚本
CMD ["/run.sh"]


======方法二=======:
ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/sbin/apachectl" ]
CMD ["-D"，"FOREGROUND"]

=========准备执行脚本===========
vim run.sh
#!/bin/bash
rm -rf /run/httpd/*
#清理httpd的缓存

exec /usr/sbin/apachectl -D FOREGROUND
#指定为前台运行
#因为Docker容器仅在它的1号进程(PID为1) 运行时，会保持运行。如果1号进程退出了，Docker容器也就退出了

========准备网站页面============
echo "this is test web" > index.html

========生成镜像=========
docker build -t httpd:centos .
#注意别忘了末尾有"."

========新镜像运行容器========
docker run -d -p 1216:80 httpd:centos

========测试=============
http://192.168.50.10:1216/

=====如果有网络报错提示=====
[Warning] IPv4 forwarding is disabled.Networking will not work.

解决方法:
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sysctl -P

systemctl restart network
systemctl restart docker

 

 

 

=====如果有网络报错提示=====

[Warning] IPv4 forwarding is disabled.Networking will not work.

解决方法:
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sysctl -P

systemctl restart network
systemctl restart docker

 二，构建ssh镜像

cd /opt
mkdir sshd
cd sshd
vim sshdfile

#基础镜像
FROM centos

#镜像维护人信息
MAINTAINER gd

#更新基于镜像yum源
RUN yum -y update

#在基于镜像上安装软件
#openssh是SSH协议的免费开源实现
#net-tools组件可支持使用ifconfig命令查看网卡信息
#lsof查看进程打开的文件、打开文件的进程、进程打开的端口
#telnet支持远程登陆
#passwd用于设置密码，更新用户身份令牌
RUN yum -y install openssh* net-tools lsof telnet passwd

#更改root用户密码为123123
RUN echo '123123' | passwd --stdin root

#将ssh服务端配置文件中所有的UsePAM yes替换为UsePAM no,关闭第三方认证登陆，别人都无法远程登陆该主机
RUN sed -i 's/UsePAM yes/UsePAM no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#创建非密钥对文件，生成到/etc/ssh/目录下为ssh_host_rsa_key
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

RUN sed -i '/^session\s\+required\s\+pam_loginuid.so/s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/sshd

#嵌套创建/root/.ssh目录并且将/root目录属主和属组改为root并且为/root/.ssh目录赋权700，只有root用户可读写执行
RUN mkdir -p /root/.ssh && chown root.root /root && chmod 700 /root/.ssh

#指定端口22
EXPOSE 22

#在运行容器时启动ssh服务，并开启守护进程
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]

#构建新镜像，因为这次dockerfile文件不是官方默认的名称了，所以我们-f指定以/opt/sshd/sshdfile来生成镜像，-t指定新镜像名为mysshd,tag为1.0
docker build -f /opt/sshd/sshdfile -t mysshd:1.0 .

#后台运行并生成容器，暴露端口1111
docker run -d -p 1111:22 mysshd:1.0

#验证
ssh localhost -p 1111

 

 三，升级ssh镜像，构建systemctl镜像

mkdir /opt/systemctl
cd /opt/systemctl

vim Dockerfile

FROM sshd:centos
MAINTAINER this is systemctl image <gd>
ENV container docker
#除了systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service，删除其它所有文件
RUN (cd /lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/; for i in *; do [ $i == systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service ] || rm -f $i; done); \	
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /etc/systemd/system/*.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*udev*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*initctl*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/*;\
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/anaconda.target.wants/*;
VOLUME [ "/sys/fs/cgroup" ]
#CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]


//生成镜像
docker build -t systemd:centos .

//启动容器，并挂载宿主机目录挂载到容器中，和进行初始化
docker run --privileged -it -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup:ro systemd:centos /sbin/init &
#--privileged：使container内的root拥有真正的root权限。否则，container内的root只是外部的一个普通用户权限。

docker ps -a

//进入容器
docker exec -it a0d624d2bfa9 bash

systemctl status sshd

方法二：
docker run -d -P --privileged sshd:centos /usr/sbin/init &

 

四.tomcat 镜像

mkdir /opt/tomcat
cd /opt/tomcat
cp /opt/jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz /opt/tomcat
cp /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz /opt/tomcat

vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is tomcat image <gd>
ADD jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
WORKDIR /usr/local/
RUN mv jdk1.8.0_91 /usr/local/java
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java
ENV JRE_HOME ${JAVA_HOME}/jre
ENV CLASSPATH .:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
ENV PATH $JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz /usr/local/
WORKDIR /usr/local/
RUN mv apache-tomcat-8.5.16 /usr/local/tomcat
EXPOSE 8080
#CMD ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]


//创建新镜像
docker build -t tomcat:centos .

docker run -d --name tomcat01 -p 1216:8080 tomcat:centos 
 
http://192.168.50.10:1216

 五，部署LNMP镜像

部署nginx（容器IP 为 172.18.0.10）

mkdir /opt/nginx
cd /opt/nginx/
cp /opt/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /opt/nginx

vim Dockerfile

#基于基础镜像
FROM centos:7
#用户信息
MAINTAINER this is nginx image <gd>
#添加环境包
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#上传nginx软件压缩包，并解压
ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
#指定工作目录
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
#ADD wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html/
RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;" ]


docker build -t nginx:lnmp .

docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -v /opt/nginx/html:/usr/local/nginx/html --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.10 nginx:lnmp

修改nginx.conf文件

 

部署mysql（容器IP 为 172.18.0.20）

mkdir /opt/mysqld
cd /opt/mysqld

上传 mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz 到 /opt/mysqld 目录中

vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is mysql image <wl>
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake make
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/mysql" ]
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 && make && make install
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
RUN rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
ADD my.cnf /etc/
RUN chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/
RUN bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
RUN cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
EXPOSE 3306
ADD run.sh /usr/local/src
RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/src/run.sh
RUN sh /usr/local/src/run.sh


vim my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES


vim run.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld	
systemctl enable mysqld


docker build -t mysql:lnmp .

docker run --name=mysql -d --privileged -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.20 mysql:lnmp /usr/sbin/init

部署php（容器IP 为 172.18.0.30）

mkdir /opt/php
cd /opt/php

上传 php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 到 /opt/php 目录中

vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is php image <wl>
RUN yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel 
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip && make && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
ADD php.ini	/usr/local/php/lib/
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
EXPOSE 9000
ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm", "-F" ]


docker build -t php:lnmp .
docker run --name=php -d -p 9000:9000 --volumes-from mysql --volumes-from nginx --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.30 php:lnmp


docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

mysql
create database wordpress;
grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456'；
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
flush privileges;


浏览器访问：
http://192.168.50.60/wordpress/index.php