文章目录
字典
字典的特点与创建
字典的键只能是浮点数,整数,字符串,元组
字典的创建
1.通过{}需要一一对应,键与值,用:连接
>>> a={
"name":"gaoqi","age":18,"dd":[2,3,4]}
>>>
>>> a
{
'name': 'gaoqi', 'age': 18, 'dd': [2, 3, 4]}
2.用dict() 用=连接键与值
>>> b=dict(name="gaoqi",age=18)
>>> b
{
'name': 'gaoqi', 'age': 18}
3.用zip()创建
>> k=["a","b","c"]
>>> c=[100,200,300]
>>> d=dict(zip(k,c))
>>> d
{
'a': 100, 'b': 200, 'c': 300}
>>>
>```
4.用dict.fromkeys()创建空的字典
```python
>>> a=dict.fromkeys(['name','age','job'])
>>> a
{
'name': None, 'age': None, 'job': None}
>>>
字典元素的访问
1.直接访问(缺点:访问值不存在会报错)
>>> a={
"name":"gaoqi","age":18,"dd":[2,3,4]}
>>> a["name"]
'gaoqi'
2.通过get()访问(优点:访问值不存在不会报错,会打印空格)
>>> a={
"name":"gaoqi","age":18,"dd":[2,3,4]}
>>> a.get("name")
'gaoqi'
>>> a.get("ddd",'不存在')
'不存在'
3.元素的其他基本函数
>>> a={
"name":"gaoqi","age":18,"dd":[2,3