数据分析二

自制折线图修正

添加了图例，多折线等信息

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
x=range(13)
y=[2,0,3,2,1,0,0,0,1,2,1,3,2]
y_1=[1,3,5,4,0,2,1,2,1,2,3,1,1]


my_font=font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc")
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
#把内容绘制到x，y轴上
plt.plot(x,y,label="自己")
plt.plot(x,y_1,label="同桌")

_x=list(x)
_xticks_label=["第{}天".format(i) for i in _x]
#对横坐标的设置
plt.xticks(_x,_xticks_label,rotation=45,fontproperties=my_font)

#设置图例
plt.legend(prop=my_font,loc=3)

plt.xlabel("天数",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.ylabel("每日练琴时长",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.title('练琴总结',fontproperties=my_font)
plt.show()

plt.grid绘制网格

plt.grid(alpha=0.5)#alpha这个代表透明度

plt.plot(linestyle=':')表示折线变成虚线

color=''#线条颜色

linestyle=''#折线的形式

linewidth=5#线条粗细

alpha=0.5#透明度

以上都是放在plt.plot中的

实操训练，散点图（3月和10 月的最高气温)

#3月和10月的最高气温图                                                                                      
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt                                                               
from matplotlib import font_manager                                                                
                                                                                                   
my_font=font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc")                           
                                                                                                   
y_3=[11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]      
y_10=[26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]  
                                                                                                   
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=90)                                                                  
x_3=range(1,32,1)                                                                                  
x_10=range(61,92,1)                                                                                
                                                                                                   
plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label="3月")                                                                    
plt.scatter(x_10,y_10,label="10月")                                                                 
                                                                                                   
_x=list(x_3)+list(x_10)                                                                            
_xticks=["3月{}号".format(i) for i in x_3]                                                           
_xticks+=["10月{}号".format(i-60) for i in x_10]                                                     
plt.xticks(_x[::4],_xticks[::4],fontproperties=my_font)                                            
#设置图例                                                                                              
plt.legend(prop=my_font,loc="lower right")                                                         
plt.xlabel("时间",fontproperties=my_font)                                                            
plt.ylabel("最高气温",fontproperties=my_font)                                                          
plt.title("3月和10月的气温图像",fontproperties=my_font)                                                    
plt.show()  

条形图

plt.bar 竖着的条形图，线条粗细是width（线条的宽度）

plt.barh 横着的条形图，线条粗细成了height（线条的高低）

plt.grid 是添加网格，alpha是透明度

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

my_font=font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc")
y=["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊"]
x=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=180)

plt.barh(y,x,height=0.5)
plt.grid(alpha=0.3)

#设置x轴
plt.yticks(range(len(y)),y,fontproperties=my_font)


plt.ylabel("电影",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.xlabel("票房（单位：亿）",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.title("电影票房汇总",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.show()           

作业

#三天票房对比
import pylab as p
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

my_font=font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc")

a=["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16=[15746,312,4497,319]
b_15=[12357,156,2045,168]
b_14=[2358,399,2358,362]

plt.figure(figsize=(30,15),dpi=100)

a_16=list(range(len(a)))
a_15=[i+0.3 for i in a_16]
a_14=[i+0.3*2 for i in a_16]
my_height=0.3

plt.barh(a_16,b_16,height=my_height)
plt.barh(a_14,b_14,height=my_height)
plt.barh(a_15,b_15,height=my_height)

plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font)
plt.ylabel("电影",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.xlabel("几日的票房对比",fontproperties=my_font)
plt.title("各大电影的几日票房对比",fontproperties=my_font)

plt.show()

绘制直方图

对250部电影时长的分布状态分析
组数=极差/组距

from matplotlib import  pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager


a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]

d=3#自己设置的组距
num=(max(a)-min(a))//3

plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=100)
plt.hist(a,num)

plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))
plt.grid()

plt.show()

#用bar制作直方图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager



interval=[0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,60,90]
wid=[5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,15,30,60]
quantity = [836,2737,3723,3926,3596,1438,3273,642,824,613,215,47]

plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=100)
x_i=list(range(len(interval)))
x_w=[i+0.3 for i in x_i]
x_q=[i+0.3*2 for i in x_i]
x_sum=list(x_i)+list(x_w)+list(x_q)

plt.bar(x_i,interval,width=0.3)
plt.bar(x_w,wid,width=0.3)
plt.bar(x_q,quantity,width=0.3)

plt.xticks(range(13),x_sum)
plt.grid()

plt.show()

总结四种方法

matplotlib.plot()折线图

matplotlib.bar  条形图

matplotlib.scatter 散点图

matplotlib.hist 直方图

更多绘图软件：Aoache ECharts