mysql数据库备份

1.创建student和score表
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY ,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
sex VARCHAR(4) ,
birth YEAR,
department VARCHAR(20) ,
address VARCHAR(50)
);
 
  创建score表SQL代码如下：
CREATE TABLE score (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL ,
c_name VARCHAR(20) ,
grade INT(10)
);
 
2.为student表和score表增加记录
向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
 
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

3.备份数据库school到/backup目录
mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school > /backup/db1
4.备份school数据库为带删除表的格式，能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库
 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --add-drop-table -d school > /backup/add-drop-db
5.直接将school数据库压缩备份
mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school | gzip > /backup/dbzip
6.备份school数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表
mysqldump -uroot -p123456  school student > /backup/dbschool_student
7.同时备份多个数据库（其他数据库素材自行准备）
mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school company > /backup/db_databases
8.仅仅备份school数据库结构
 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -d school > /backup/school_stru_table
9.备份服务器上所有数据库
mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A > /backup/alldb
10.还原school数据库
mysql [school]>drop database school;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql [(none)]>source /backup/db1
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
Database changed
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 10  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
ERROR 1840 (HY000): @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED can only be set when @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED is empty.
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql [school]>show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| company            |
| db                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| school             |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

11.还原压缩的school数据库
mysql [school]>drop database school;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
zcat dbzip | mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql [school]>show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| company            |
| db                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| school             |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql [school]>show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| score            |
| student          |
+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql [school]>
 

12.使用xtrabackup备份数据库
innobackupex --user =root --password =123456 --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock /backup/xtra-db/

13.在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup 备份

14.使用mydumper备份数据库
[root@localhost backup]# mydumper -u root -p 123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -B school -o /backup/mydumper_db
[root@localhost backup]# ll
total 892
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2520 Mar 24 08:17 add-drop-db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 882292 Mar 24 08:30 alldb
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3658 Mar 24 08:01 db1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   5481 Mar 24 08:23 db_databases
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2595 Mar 24 08:22 dbschool_student
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1338 Mar 24 08:20 dbzip
drwx------. 2 root root    168 Mar 24 08:39 mydumper_db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2520 Mar 24 08:26 school_stru_table
[root@localhost backup]# cd mydumper_db/
[root@localhost mydumper_db]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 178 Mar 24 08:39 metadata
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  90 Mar 24 08:39 school-schema-create.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 367 Mar 24 08:39 school.score-schema.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 352 Mar 24 08:39 school.score.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 413 Mar 24 08:39 school.student-schema.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 503 Mar 24 08:39 school.student.sql

15.使用myloader恢复数据库
mysql [school]>drop database school;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
myloader -u root -p 123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -d /backup/mydumper_db/ -B
school