JAVA图像处理

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已于 2024-01-12 23:23:13 修改

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文章标签：图像处理

于 2022-11-16 00:23:21 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_58879477/article/details/127876457

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一，图像原理

图像是由一个个像素点组成的矩阵形成的，每个像素点的大小是1 int（32bit），4个字节分别对应A，R，G，B （0-255byte）

0000 0000 A

0000 0000 R

0000 0000 G

0000 0000 B

1，如何将一个int拆分成4个byte

通过>>和&

位运算： int num = 167000151;

int a = (num >> 24) & 255;
int r = (num >> 16) & 255;
int g = (num >> 8) & 255;
int b = (num>>0) & 255;

2，如何将4个byte和成1个int

int argb = a<<24 | r<<16 | g<<8 | b;

3，运算符

&：若干个条件为true，最终为true

|：若干个条件有一个为true，最终为true

！：true变false，false变true

二，图像处理

原图

1，马赛克

输入参数为马赛克区域边长，每隔mSize取一格算出平均值填充。

public void drawMasic(Graphics g,int mSize){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage(imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i=0;i<imgArray.length-mSize;i+=mSize){
            for(int j=0;j<imgArray[i].length-mSize;j+=mSize){
                int red = 0;
                int green = 0;
                int blue = 0;
                for(int k=0;k<mSize;k++){
                    for(int l=0;l<mSize;l++){
                        int pixelnum = imgArray[i+k][j+l];
                        red += (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                        green += (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                        blue += (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                        //int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;
                    }
                }
                red/=100;
                green/=100;
                blue/=100;
                int newPixel = 255<<24|red<<16|green<<8|blue;
                for (int k = 0; k < mSize; k++) {
                    for(int l = 0; l < mSize; l++){
                        buffimage.setRGB (i+k,j+l,newPixel);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        g.drawImage(buffimage,30,50,null);
    }

2，旋转180

用矩阵的长和宽减去各个元素原先的坐标得出的是旋转180后的坐标。

public void xuanZhuan180(Graphics g){
        int after [][]=new int[imgArray.length][imgArray[0].length];
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++) {
                after[i][j]=imgArray[imgArray.length-1-i][imgArray[0].length-1-j];
            }
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < after.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < after[i].length; j++) {
                int pixelnum = after[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int grayPixel = 255<<24|red<<16|green<<8|blue<<0;
                buffimage.setRGB(i,j,grayPixel);
            }
        }
        g.drawImage (buffimage, 30, 50, null);
    }

3，黑白两色

算出r，g，b平均值令为gray，灰色小于150令为黑色，大于150令为白色。

public void blackWhite(Graphics g){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++){
                int pixelnum = imgArray[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;

                Color color = new Color(gray,gray,gray);
                if(gray<150){
                    g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
                }else{
                    g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
                }
                g.fillRect(i,j,1,1);
            }
        }
    }

4，灰白照

算出r，g，b平均值令为gray，三种颜色用灰色填充。

public void drawSrcImage(Graphics g){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++){
                int pixelnum = imgArray[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;

                int grayPixel = 255<<24|gray<<16|gray<<8|gray<<0;
                //Color color = new Color (gray,gray,gray);
                //g.setColor(color);
                //g.fillRect(i+30,j+50,1,1);
                buffimage.setRGB(i,j,grayPixel);
            }
        }
        g.drawImage (buffimage, 30, 50, null);
    }

5，加深R，G，B其中一种颜色

在人r，g，b原有的数值上加一定的数，大于255就定为255。

public void drawSrcImage(Graphics g){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++){
                int pixelnum = imgArray[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;

                int newred = red+100;
                if(newred>255){
                    newred = 255;
                }

                int newgreen = red+80;
                if(newgreen>255){
                    newgreen = 255;
                }

                int newblue = red+50;
                if(newblue>255) {
                    newblue = 255;
                }

                int grayPixel = 255<<24|red<<16|green<<8|newblue<<0;
                //Color color = new Color (gray,gray,gray);
                //g.setColor(color);
                //g.fillRect(i+30,j+50,1,1);
                buffimage.setRGB(i,j,grayPixel);
            }
        }
        g.drawImage (buffimage, 30, 50, null);
    }

（1）加深blue

（2）加深green

（3）加深red

三，完整代码

package java_study;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ImageProUI extends JFrame {

    int[][] imgArray;

    {// 代码块
        imgArray = getImageArray
                ("C:\\Users\\18384\\Desktop\\zzz.jpg");
        System.out.println ("图片转化完成!");
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g){
        super.paint(g);
        //drawMasic(g,20);
        drawSrcImage(g);
        //xuanZhuan180(g);
        //blackWhite(g);
    }

    public void drawMasic(Graphics g,int mSize){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage(imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i=0;i<imgArray.length-mSize;i+=mSize){
            for(int j=0;j<imgArray[i].length-mSize;j+=mSize){
                int red = 0;
                int green = 0;
                int blue = 0;
                for(int k=0;k<mSize;k++){
                    for(int l=0;l<mSize;l++){
                        int pixelnum = imgArray[i+k][j+l];
                        red += (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                        green += (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                        blue += (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                        //int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;
                    }
                }
                red/=100;
                green/=100;
                blue/=100;
                int newPixel = 255<<24|red<<16|green<<8|blue;
                for (int k = 0; k < mSize; k++) {
                    for(int l = 0; l < mSize; l++){
                        buffimage.setRGB (i+k,j+l,newPixel);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        g.drawImage(buffimage,30,50,null);
    }

    public void drawSrcImage(Graphics g){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++){
                int pixelnum = imgArray[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;

                int newred = red+50;
                if(newred>255){
                    newred = 255;
                }

                int newgreen = red+50;
                if(newgreen>255){
                    newgreen = 255;
                }

                int newblue = red+50;
                if(newblue>255) {
                    newblue = 255;
                }

                int grayPixel = 255<<24|newred<<16|green<<8|blue<<0;
                //Color color = new Color (gray,gray,gray);
                //g.setColor(color);
                //g.fillRect(i+30,j+50,1,1);
                buffimage.setRGB(i,j,grayPixel);
            }
        }
        g.drawImage (buffimage, 30, 50, null);
    }

    public void xuanZhuan180(Graphics g){
        int after [][]=new int[imgArray.length][imgArray[0].length];
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++) {
                after[i][j]=imgArray[imgArray.length-1-i][imgArray[0].length-1-j];
            }
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < after.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < after[i].length; j++) {
                int pixelnum = after[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int grayPixel = 255<<24|red<<16|green<<8|blue<<0;
                buffimage.setRGB(i,j,grayPixel);
            }
        }
        g.drawImage (buffimage, 30, 50, null);
    }

    public void blackWhite(Graphics g){
        BufferedImage buffimage = new BufferedImage (imgArray.length,
                imgArray[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        for(int i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < imgArray[i].length; j++){
                int pixelnum = imgArray[i][j];
                int red = (pixelnum >> 16)&255;
                int green = (pixelnum >> 8)&255;
                int blue = (pixelnum >> 0)&255;
                int gray = (red+green+blue)/3;

                Color color = new Color(gray,gray,gray);
                if(gray<150){
                    g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
                }else{
                    g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
                }
                g.fillRect(i,j,1,1);
            }
        }
    }

    public int[][] getImageArray(String path){
        File file = new File (path);
        BufferedImage buffimg = null;
        try {
            buffimg = ImageIO.read(file);
        }catch(IOException e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        int w = buffimg.getWidth ();
        int h = buffimg.getHeight ();
        int[][] imgArray = new int[w][h];
        for(int i=0; i < w; i++){
            for(int j=0; j < h; j++){
                int rgb = buffimg.getRGB(i,j);
                imgArray[i][j] = rgb;
            }
        }
        return imgArray;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ImageProUI imageProUI = new ImageProUI();
        imageProUI.setSize(800, 600);
        imageProUI.setTitle("图像处理");
        imageProUI.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        imageProUI.setVisible(true);
    }
}