1---创建挂载目录并挂载
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护,将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 908M 0 908M 0% /dev
tmpfs 919M 0 919M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 919M 8.6M 911M 1% /run
tmpfs 919M 0 919M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 1.6G 49G 4% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 150M 865M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 2.0T 33M 2.0T 1% /home
tmpfs 184M 0 184M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.5G 4.5G 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
2---永久挂载,开机挂载依旧存在
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0
3---配置本地yun源
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 36
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 4月 8 2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 4月 8 2020 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 649 4月 8 2020 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 314 4月 8 2020 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 4月 8 2020 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 4月 8 2020 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7577 4月 8 2020 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 616 4月 8 2020 CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo bak/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 220 12月 30 09:31 bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 220 12月 30 09:33 bak
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 66 12月 30 09:33 local.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror
正在清理软件源: local
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): local/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): local/filelists_db | 3.3 MB 00:00:00
(3/4): local/other_db | 1.3 MB 00:00:00
(4/4): local/primary_db | 3.3 MB 00:00:00
元数据缓存已建立
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
源标识 源名称 状态
local local 4,071
repolist: 4,071
4---安装wget(可以直接yum安装 )
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/
[root@localhost cdrom]# ll
[root@localhost cdrom]# cd Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]# ls | grep wget
wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm
警告:wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1 ################################# [100%]
5---下载阿里yum源和阿里epel源(便于某些依赖包直接下载)
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror
正在清理软件源: base epel extras local updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 220 12月 30 09:33 bak
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2523 12月 26 2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664 12月 26 2020 epel.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 66 12月 30 09:33 local.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
源标识 源名称 状态
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 4,734+5,338
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,691+12
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 483+17
local local 4,071
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com 1,155+2,087
repolist: 24,134
6---配置优先级
//有epel源的情况下安装插件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install yum-plugin-priorities.noarch
//编辑本地源,设置优先级
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1 (级别1-99,1是最高,优先本地源下载,其他源自动寻找下载)
//清除缓存并建立缓存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror, priorities
正在清理软件源: base epel extras local updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
//验证源下载
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install elinks
elinks x86_64
0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1 local (从local源下载)
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install sl
sl x86_64
5.02-1.el7 epel (local源没有会自动从epel源下载)