9.ribbon的第一个实例（springcloud）

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 13:56:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 13:56:53 发布

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分类专栏： SpringCloud 文章标签： java spring 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_59334478/article/details/126999457

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本次调用设计图

consumer 和 provider-1 和 provider-2 都是 eureka-client

注意这三个依赖是 eureka-client

注意 provider-1 和 provider-2 的 spring.application.name=provider

注意启动类的注解和配置文件的端口以及服务名称

项目结构

一、新建provider-a

1。新建一个空的maven项目ribbon-02,在该model下面新建一个springboot的model，命名为provider-a,导入如下图所示的依赖。

2.修改provider-a的pom.xml文件

详细的pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.it</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider-a</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>provider-a</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.编写配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: provider
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${eureka.instance.hostname}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port}

3.编写controller包下的ProviderController类

package com.it.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ProviderController {

    @GetMapping("hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "我是提供者aaa的接口";
    }
}

4.在主函数类中添加注解@EnableEurekaClient

package com.it;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ProviderAApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderAApplication.class, args);
    }

}

二、新建provider-b

1.pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.it</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider-b</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>provider-b</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.application.yml

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: provider
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${eureka.instance.hostname}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port}

3.controller.ProviderController

package com.it.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ProviderController {

    @GetMapping("hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "我是提供者bbb的接口";
    }
}

4.在主函数类中添加注解@EnableEurekaClient

package com.it;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ProviderBApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderBApplication.class, args);
    }

}

三、新建一个eureka-server

1.创建springboot的model，选择添加eureka-server依赖。

注意：这是新建springboot的model时默认的地址，如果不修改这个地址会导致新建的eureka-server的model覆盖掉eureka-01的这个model，所以这个路径需要手动更改。

更改后

点击finish

2. 修改pom.xml文件中的springboot版本号（为了对应springcloud的版本号），在springcloud中不同的版本号是不兼容的，本项目使用springcloud的Hoxton.SR12版本，对应到springboot的2.3.12版本。

修改springcloud的版本号为：Hoxton.SR12

详细pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.it</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>


    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <!--依赖管理  只是管理版本号以及子模块的依赖 -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4.重命名eureka-server的model下的resources下的application.properties文件，命名为application.yml文件。编写代码如下

#单机
server:
  port: 8761 #eureka��Ĭ�϶˿�
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-server #Ӧ������
#eureka的配置分为3类，server  client 实例的  eureka-server既是服务端又是客户端
eureka:
  server:
    eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 1000 #服务端间隔多少毫秒做定期删除的操作
    renewal-percent-threshold: 0.85 #续约百分比，超过85%的应用没有和你续约，那么eureka会保护服务，不会提出任何一个
  instance: #实例的配置
    instance-id: ${eureka.instance.hostname}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port} #主机名称：应用名称：端口号
    hostname: localhost #主机名称或则服务的ip
    prefer-ip-address: true #以ip的形式显示具体的服务信息
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5 #服务实例的续约时间间隔
  client:
    registry-with-eureka: ${REGISTER_WITH_EUREKA:true} #先将server自己注册自己的开关关掉
    service-url:
      defaultZone: ${EUREKA_SERVER_URL:http://localhost:8761/eureka}
    fetch-registry: true
#集群
#server:
#  port: 8761
#spring:
#  application:
#    name: eureka-server
#eureka:
#  client:
#    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://peer2:8762/eureka,http://peer3:8763/eureka
#  instance:
#    instance-id: ${eureka.instance.hostname}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
#    hostname: peer1
#    prefer-ip-address: true
#    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5

#集群的终极方案
#server:
#  port: 8761
#spring:
#  application:
#    name: eureka-server
#eureka:
#  client:
#    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://peer1:8761/eureka,http://peer2:8762/eureka,http://peer3:8763/eureka
#  instance:
#    instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
#    prefer-ip-address: true
#    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5

5. 进入main目录下的主函数启动类，加上EnableEurekaServer注解

package com.it;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer //开启eureka注册中心的功能
public class EurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

6.点击运行此主函数，如果出现如下语句，表示运行成功

7.分别运行eureka-server和provider-a，provider-b，进入网页查看是否注册成功

如下图，已经注册成功

四、新建consumer

1.新建springboot的model，导入spring web依赖和eureka-client依赖

手动添加ribbon的依赖

详细的pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.it</groupId>
    <artifactId>comsumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>comsumer</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.application.yml

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  application:
    name: consumer
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${eureka.instance.hostname}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port}

3.新建controller包下的ConsumerController类

package com.it.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("testRibbon")
    public String testRibbon(String serviceName){
        //正常来讲，需要拿到ip和port 以及路径 才可以用
        String url="http://"+serviceName+"/hello";
        String forObject = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
        return forObject;
    }

}

在这个 http://"+serviceName+"/hello路径中，ribbon自动帮我们做了如下操作。

4.在主启动类中添加注解@EnableEurekaClient，以及restTemplate的方法

package com.it;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ComsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ComsumerApplication.class, args);
    }


    /**
     * 添加这个注解后@LoadBalanced
     * 这时RestTemplate已经变了
     * loadBalanced它会被ribbon来操作
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

5.运行该consumer，访问

http://localhost:8082/testRibbon?serviceName=provider

点击刷新

此时ribbon的负载均衡已经自动布置成功了

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9.ribbon的第一个实例（springcloud）

2. 修改pom.xml文件中的springboot版本号（为了对应springcloud的版本号），在springcloud中不同的版本号是不兼容的，本项目使用springcloud的Hoxton.SR12版本，对应到springboot的2.3.12版本。注意：这是新建springboot的model时默认的地址，如果不修改这个地址会导致新建的eureka-server的model覆盖掉eureka-01的这个model，所以这个路径需要手动更改。2.修改provider-a的pom.xml文件。
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