Ubuntu环境下配置Tomcat开机自动启动

背景：项目部署好后，每次重启虚拟机后，需手动启动Tomcat，为了减少重复操作，特研究怎么设置Tomcat开机自动启动，实践了几种方法，下边的方法靠谱有效，以供参考。

检查安装环境配置路径：

JDK根目录：/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64(openJDK安装的默认路径)；

Tomcat根目录：/usr/local/tomcat(Tomcat安装的默认路径)

1.进入Tomcat的bin目录：

root@ubuntu:~$ cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/tomcat/bin$ 

2.复制bin目录下的catalina.sh到/etc/init.d目录下：

root@ubuntu:~$ sudo cp /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh /etc/init.d

3.重命名/etc/init.d下的catalina.sh文件为tomcat：

root@ubuntu:~$ sudo mv /etc/init.d/catalina.sh tomcat

4.编辑tomcat文件添加文件头内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          XXX
# Required-Start:
# Required-Stop:
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start XXX daemon at boot time
# Description:       Start XXX daemon at boot time
### END INIT INFO
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64
CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/lib 
start()
{
	if [ -f $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh ]
	then
	    echo $"Starting Tomcat"
		$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
	    RETVAL=$?
	    echo "OK"
	    return $RETVAL
	fi
}
 
 
stop()
{
	if [ -f $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh ]
	then
	    echo $"Stopping Tomcat"
		$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
	    RETVAL=$?
	    sleep 3
	    ps -fwwu tomcat | grep apache-tomcat | grep -v grep | grep -v PID | awk '{print $2}'| xargs kill -9
	    echo "OK"
	   return $RETVAL
	fi
}
 
 
case "$1" in
	start)
		start
		;;
	stop)
		stop
		;;
	restart)
		echo $"Restarting Tomcat"
		$0 stop
		sleep 3
		$0 start
		;;
	*)
		echo $"Usage:$0{start|stop|restart}"
		exit 1
		;;
esac
 
exit $RETVAL

5.给tomcat文件加可执行权限：

root@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/tomcat

6.重新加载服务配置：

systemctl daemon-reload

7.启动tomcat服务：

service tomcat start

8.启动成功后接着配置开机启动，修改/etc/rc.local文件，添加内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
service tomcat start
exit 0

9.复制/etc/rc.local到/etc/rc0.d目录下：

sudo cp /etc/rc.local /etc/rc0.d

10.给这两个文件加执行权限：

sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local
sudo chmod +x /etc/rc0.d/rc.local

11.重启虚拟机：

sudo reboot

12.检查tomcat是否自启动,若输出...Bootstrap start 说明tomcat已经正常启动。

root@ubuntu:~$ ps -ef|grep java
root        1168       1  0 01:08 ?        00:00:17 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root     3770    3490  0 01:45 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto java