SpringMVC实现文件上传和下载

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已于 2022-08-24 10:29:01 修改

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文章标签：服务器 java

于 2022-08-23 23:11:14 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_60347335/article/details/126494798

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文件上传和下载

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_mvc_04_ajax</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- SpringMVC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- ServletAPI -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring5和Thymeleaf整合包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--导入jackson依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--文件上传需要-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--字符编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--请求方法过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>

        <!--将前端控制器的初始化时间提前到服务器启动时-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
 <a th:href="@{/test/down}">下载图片</a><br>
    <!--enctype="multipart/form-data":表示使用二进制的方式传输当前的数据-->
    <form th:action="@{/test/up}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        头像：<input type="file" name="photo"><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>
 </webody>
</html>

文件上传和下载代码

/**
 * ResponseEntity:可以作为控制器方法的返回值，表示响应到浏览器的完整的响应报文
 *
 * 文件上传的的要求：
 * 1.form表单的请求方式必须为post
 * 2.form表单必须设置为enctype="multipart/form-data"
 */

@Controller
public class FileUpAndDownController {

    @RequestMapping("/test/up")
    public String testUp(MultipartFile photo, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
        //需要在springmvc配置文件中配置一个文件上传解析器
        //获取上传的文件的文件名
        String filename = photo.getOriginalFilename();
        //解决文件重名问题
        //获取上传文件的后缀
        String hzName = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("."));

        //获取uuid
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        //拼接一个新的文件名
        filename = uuid+hzName;
        //获取ServletContext对象
        ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
        //获取当前工程下photo目录的真实路径
        String photoPath = servletContext.getRealPath("photo");
        //创建photoPath所对应的File对象
        File file = new File(photoPath);
        //判断file所对应目录是否存在
        if (!file.exists()){
            file.mkdir();
        }
        String finalPath = photoPath+File.separator+filename;
        //上传文件
        photo.transferTo(new File(finalPath));
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/test/down")
    public ResponseEntity<byte[]> testResponseEntity(HttpSession session) throws IOException {
        //获取ServletContext对象
        ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
        //获取服务器中文件的真实路径
        String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/img/a.png");
        //创建输入流
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        //创建字节数组， is.available()获取输入流所对应文件的字节数
        byte[] bytes = new byte[is.available()];
        //将流读到字节数组中
        is.read(bytes);
        //创建HttpHeaders对象设置响应头信息
        MultiValueMap<String,String> headers = new HttpHeaders();
        //设置要下载方式以及下载文件的名字
        headers.add("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=1.jpg");
        //设置响应状态码
        HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK;
        //创建ResponseEntity对象
        ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<>(bytes, headers, statusCode);
        //关闭输入流
        is.close();
        return responseEntity;

    }
}