for循环语句（找出一个整数的所有因数）

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    int n;
    cout<<"enter a positive integer : ";
    cin>>n;
    cout<<"number "<<n<<" factors ";
    for(int k=1;k<=n;k++)
        if(n%k==0)
            cout<<k<<" ";//构造各个数字之间的间隔
    cout<<endl;
    return 0;
}

---

 这里面的k的生存域只有在for循环中中，循环结束k就会消失，看一下程序表现

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    int n;
    cout<<"enter a positive integer : ";
    cin>>n;
    cout<<"number "<<n<<" factors ";
    for(int k=1;k<=n;k++)
        if(n%k==0)
            cout<<k<<" ";//构造各个数字之间的间隔
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<k<<endl;//观察k的范围和报错
    return 0;
}

 改变k的生存域后，

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    int n,k;
    cout<<"enter a positive integer : ";
    cin>>n;
    cout<<"number "<<n<<" factors ";
    for(k=1;k<=n;k++)
        if(n%k==0)
            cout<<k<<" ";//构造各个数字之间的间隔
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<k<<endl;
    return 0;
}

注意到k的值是13，为什么不是12，因为本质上是k++，不是++k。 

---

利用while来改写

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    int n,k=1;
    cout<<"enter a positive integer : ";
    cin>>n;
    cout<<"number "<<n<<" factors ";
    while(k<=n) {
        if (n % k == 0)
            cout << k << " ";//构造各个数字之间的间隔
        k++;
    }
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<k<<endl;
    return 0;
}