The World is a Theatre

这篇博客探讨了一种利用杨辉三角解决组合计数问题的方法,特别是在选择演员组队的问题上。文章指出,当直接计算阶乘可能导致溢出时,可以借助杨辉三角的性质来间接计算。博客提供了两种不同的C++代码实现,展示了如何通过杨辉三角的存储和迭代来计算满足特定条件的组队方式数量。关键在于正确设置判断条件和避免数值溢出。
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来源:牛客网
 

题目描述

有 n 个男孩和 m 个女孩在参加一个戏剧俱乐部。 要拍摄一部戏剧“生活大爆炸”,他们需要选择一个包含 t个演员的组,其中包含不少于4 个男孩和不少于  1个女孩。 有多少种选择组的方法?两个组被认为不同,当且仅当两个组中至少有一个人不同。

输入描述:

输入第一行包含三个整数 n,m,t(4≤n≤30,1≤m≤30,5≤t≤n+m) n,m,t(4≤n≤30,1≤m≤30,5≤t≤n+m)。

输出描述:

输出一个整数表示答案。

思路:

为了做出这道题,首先你要得到阶乘,但是如果你直接用阶乘的方法55!会爆掉

像这样:

#include<bits/甩头dc++.h>
using namespace std;
double f(double  x);
int main()
{
    double n,m,t,ans=0,i,min,max;
    cin >> n >> m >> t ;
    min=(t-m>4)?t-m:4;
    max=(n<t-1)?n:t-1;
    for(i=min;i<=max;i++)
    {
        ans+=f(n)*f(m)/f(i)/f(m-t+i)/f(n-i)/f(t-i);
    }
    printf("%.0lf",ans);
}
double f(double  x)
{
    double i,j=1;
    for(i=1;i<=x;i++) j*=i;
    return j;
}

所以这道题显然不能直接用阶乘,但是我们可以间接用啊!高中时候我们所学的杨辉三角可以完美的对应到这个题目上,先用杨辉三角记录我们所得到的阶乘数,然后再在用的时候放上去,这里有一点要格外注意,那就是判断条件,你后面怎么用(i+j==t)这个非常关键!!!

判断条件搞定之后就基本上没有什么问题了,还有就是要用long long 用int数小了很容易爆掉!

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	long long t,n,i,m,j,ans=0;
	scanf("%lld%lld%lld",&n,&m,&t);
	int a[100][100];
	for(i=0;i<56;i++){
		for(j=0;j<56;j++){
			a[i][j]=0;
		}
	}
	
	for(i=1;i<=m+n;i++){
		for(j=1;j<=i;j++){
			if(j==1||j==i){
				a[i][j]=1;
			}
			else{
				a[i][j]=a[i-1][j-1]+a[i-1][j];
			}
		}
	}
	for(i = 4;i<=n;i++){
		for(j = 1;j<=m;j++){
			if(i+j ==t){
				ans+=a[n+1][i+1]*a[m+1][j+1];
			}
		}
	}
	printf("%lld",ans);
	return 0;
}

The following is the data that you can add to your input file (as an example). Notice that the first line is going to be a line representing your own hobbies. In my case, it is the Vitaly,table tennis,chess,hacking line. Your goal is to create a class called Student. Every Student will contain a name (String) and an ArrayList<String> storing hobbies. Then, you will add all those students from the file into an ArrayList<Student>, with each Student having a separate name and ArrayList of hobbies. Here is an example file containing students (the first line will always represent yourself). NOTE: eventually, we will have a different file containing all our real names and hobbies so that we could find out with how many people each of us share the same hobby. Vitaly,table tennis,chess,hacking Sean,cooking,guitar,rainbow six Nolan,gym,piano,reading,video games Jack,cooking,swimming,music Ray,piano,video games,volleyball Emily,crochet,drawing,gardening,tuba,violin Hudson,anime,video games,trumpet Matt,piano,Reading,video games,traveling Alex,swimming,video games,saxophone Roman,piano,dancing,art Teddy,chess,lifting,swimming Sarah,baking,reading,singing,theatre Maya,violin,knitting,reading,billiards Amy,art,gaming,guitar,table tennis Daniel,video games,tennis,soccer,biking,trumpet Derek,cooking,flute,gaming,swimming,table tennis Daisey,video games,guitar,cleaning,drawing,animated shows,reading,shopping Lily,flute,ocarina,video games,baking Stella,roller skating,sudoku,watching baseball,harp Sophie,viola,ukulele,piano,video games
06-10
Based on the given information, I would suggest creating a class called Student with two instance variables: a String for the student's name and an ArrayList<String> for their hobbies. Then, to read the data from the file and add it to an ArrayList<Student>, you could do something like this: 1. Create an empty ArrayList<Student>. 2. Read the first line of the file and split it into a String for the name and an ArrayList<String> for the hobbies. 3. Create a new Student object with the name and hobbies from the first line and add it to the ArrayList. 4. Use a loop to read the rest of the lines from the file, create a new Student object for each one, and add it to the ArrayList. 5. Once you have read all the lines from the file, you should have an ArrayList<Student> containing all the students and their hobbies. Here's some example code to help you get started: ``` import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Scanner; public class Student { private String name; private ArrayList<String> hobbies; public Student(String name, ArrayList<String> hobbies) { this.name = name; this.hobbies = hobbies; } // Getters and setters for name and hobbies public static void main(String[] args) { ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>(); try { File file = new File("students.txt"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(file); // Read and process the first line String[] firstLine = scanner.nextLine().split(","); String name = firstLine[0]; ArrayList<String> hobbies = new ArrayList<String>(); for (int i = 1; i < firstLine.length; i++) { hobbies.add(firstLine[i]); } students.add(new Student(name, hobbies)); // Read and process the rest of the lines while (scanner.hasNextLine()) { String[] line = scanner.nextLine().split(","); name = line[0]; hobbies = new ArrayList<String>(); for (int i = 1; i < line.length; i++) { hobbies.add(line[i]); } students.add(new Student(name, hobbies)); } scanner.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { System.out.println("File not found!"); } // Now you have an ArrayList<Student> containing all the students and their hobbies } } ```
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