在Java中操作Redis：黑马程序员瑞吉外卖Redis课程笔记

在Java中操作Redis

介绍：

Redis的Java客户端很多，官方推荐有三种：

• Jedis
• Lettuce
• Redisson

Spring对Redis客户端进行了整合，提供了Spring Data Redis，在Spring Boot项目中还提供了对应的Starter，即 spring-boot-starter-data-redis

Jedis

Jedis的maven坐标：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

实用Jedis操作Redis的步骤：

1. 获取连接
2. 执行操作
3. 关闭连接

Maven：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>jedis_demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

测试类：

package com.itheima.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

import java.util.Set;

/**
 * 实用Jedis操作Redis
 */
public class JedisTest {

    @Test
    public void testRedis(){
        //1、 获取连接
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("localhost",6379);

        //2、 执行具体操作
        jedis.set("username","xiaoming");

        String value = jedis.get("username");
        System.out.println(value);

//        jedis.del("username");

        jedis.hset("myhash","addr","beijing");
        String hValue = jedis.hget("myhash", "addr");
        System.out.println(hValue);

        Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*");
        for (String key : keys) {
            System.out.println(key);
        }

        //3、关闭连接
        jedis.close();
    }
}

Spring Data Redis

在Spring Boot项目中，可以实用Spring Data Redis来简化Redis操作，maven坐标：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

Spring Data Redis中提供了一个高度封装的类：RedisTemplate，针对jedis客户端中大量api进行了归类封装，将同一类型操作封装为operation接口，具体分类如下：

• ValueOperations：简单K-V操作
• SetOperations：set类型数据操作
• ZSetOperations：zset类型数据操作
• HashOperations：针对map类型的数据操作
• ListOperations：针对list类型的数据操作

MAVEN：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.5</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>springdataredis_demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.5</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml：

spring:
  application:
    name: springdataredis_demo
  #Redis相关配置
  redis:
    host: localhost
    port: 6379
    #password: 123456
    database: 0 #操作的是0号数据库
    jedis:
      #Redis连接池配置
      pool:
        max-active: 8     #最大连接数
        max-wait: 1ms     #连接池最大阻塞等待时间
        max-idle: 4       #连接池中最大的空闲连接
        min-idle: 0       #连接池中的最小空闲连接

RedisConfig：

package com.itheima.config;

import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<Object,Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<Object,Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();

        //默认的key序列化器为：JdkSerializationRedisSerializer
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());

        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);

        return redisTemplate;
    }
}

SpringDataRedisTest：

package com.itheima.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.DataType;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SpringDataRedisTest {

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    /**
     * 操作String类型数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testString() {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("city123", "beijing");

        String value = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("city123");
        System.out.println(value);

        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key1", "value1", 10l, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        Boolean aBoolean = redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent("city1234", "nanjing");
        System.out.println(aBoolean);
    }

    /**
     * 操作Hash类型数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testHash() {
        HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();

        hashOperations.put("002", "name", "xiaoming");
        hashOperations.put("002", "age", "20");
        hashOperations.put("002", "addr", "beijing");

        String age = (String) hashOperations.get("002", "age");
        System.out.println(age);

        //获得hash结构中的所有字段
        Set keys = hashOperations.keys("002");
        for (Object key : keys) {
            System.out.println(key);
        }

        //获得Hash结构中的所有值
        List values = hashOperations.values("002");
        for (Object value : values) {
            System.out.println(value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 操作List类型的数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testList() {
        ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();

        //存储
        listOperations.leftPush("mylist", "a");
        listOperations.leftPushAll("mylist", "b", "c", "d");

        //取值
        List<String> mylist = listOperations.range("mylist", 0, -1);
        for (String value : mylist) {
            System.out.println(value);
        }

        //获得列表长度  llen
        Long size = listOperations.size("mylist");
        int Lsize = size.intValue();
        for (int i = 0; i < Lsize; i++) {
            //出队列
            Object element = listOperations.rightPop("mylist");
            System.out.println(element);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 操作Set类型的数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testSet(){
        SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();

        //存值
        setOperations.add("myset4","a","b","c","a");

        //取值
        Set<String> myset = setOperations.members("myset4");
        for (String o : myset) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }

        //删除成员
        setOperations.remove("myset4","a","b");

        //取值
        myset = setOperations.members("myset4");
        for (String o : myset) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 操作ZSet类型的数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testZSet() {
        ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();

        //存值
        zSetOperations.add("myZset","a",10.0);
        zSetOperations.add("myZset","b",11.0);
        zSetOperations.add("myZset","c",12.0);
        zSetOperations.add("myZset","a",13.0);

        //取值
        Set<String> myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
        for (String s : myZset) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        //修改分数
        zSetOperations.incrementScore("myZset","b",20);

        //取值
        myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
        for (String s : myZset) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        //删除成员
        zSetOperations.remove("myZset","a,b");

        //取值
        myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
        for (String s : myZset) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 通用操作，针对不同的数据类型都可以操作
     */
    @Test
    public void testCommon(){
        //获取Redis中所有的key
        Set<String> keys = redisTemplate.keys("*");
        for (String key : keys) {
            System.out.println(key);
        }

        //判断某个key是否存在
        Boolean itcast = redisTemplate.hasKey("itcast");
        System.out.println(itcast);

        //删除指定key
        redisTemplate.delete("myZset");

        //获取指定key对应的value的数据类型
        DataType dataType = redisTemplate.type("myset4");
        System.out.println(dataType.name());
    }
}

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