Python第五天

1.dict和list中copy方法画图加代码解释

b = a.copy(): 浅拷贝, a 和 b 是一个独立的对象，但他们的子对象还是指向同一对象（是引用）

2.dict中扩展字典长度(多种方法)

 

def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update
    """
    D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from dict/iterable E and F.
    If E is present and has a .keys() method, then does:  for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
    If E is present and lacks a .keys() method, then does:  for k, v in E: D[k] = v
    In either case, this is followed by: for k in F:  D[k] = F[k]
    """

setdefault(self, key, default=None, /)
 |      Insert key with a value of default if key is not in the dictionary.
 |      
 |      Return the value for key if key is in the dictionary, else default.

3.dict中获取所有的key,获取所有的value，获取所有的item

 

 
4.dict中通过一个不存在的key去获取值(要求不报错)

5.定义空集合

 

6.set中，求差集，求合集，求交集（要求在原集合上操作）

 

   添加一个元素

   删除一个元素(使用多种方法)

 discard(...)
 |      Remove an element from a set if it is a member.
 |      
 |      If the element is not a member, do nothing.

 

pop(...)
 |      Remove and return an arbitrary set element.
 |      Raises KeyError if the set is empty.
  remove(...)
 |      Remove an element from a set; it must be a member.
 |      
 |      If the element is not a member, raise a KeyError.