C语言的语句
- 说明语句
- 表达式语句
- 分支语句
- 循环语句
- 转向语句
- 复合语句
- 空语句
- 函数定义与调用
- 输入与输出
数据的输入与输出
- printf()函数
格式为:printf(“格式控制字符串”,输出项表列) - scanf()函数
格式为:scanf(“格式控制字符串”,输入项表列)
例3.1
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ int celsius, fahr;
printf(“输入华氏温度:”);
scanf_s("%d", &fahr);
celsius = 5 * (fahr- 32) / 9;
printf(“华氏温度为:%d,摄氏温度计为:%d/n”, fahr, celsius);
return 0;
}
例3.2
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ char c1, c2;
printf(“输入一个小写字母:”);
c1 = getchar();
printf("%c,%d\n", c1, c1);
c2 = c1 - 32;
printf("%c,%d\n", c2, c2);
return 0;
}
例3.3
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ int a = 1, b = 2, c = 3;
printf(“a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n”, a, b, c);
return 0;
}
例3.4
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ int a = 123;
long int b = 32770;
printf(“a=%d,b=%1d\n”,a,b);
printf(“a = % 0,b = % 1o\n”,a,b);
printf(“a = % #x,b = % #1x\n”,a,b);
printf(“a = % d,b = % 1d\n”, a);
printf(“a+b=%ld\n”, a + b, b);
printf(“输出结束!\n”);
return 0;
}
例3.5
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ int a, b;
long int c;
scanf_s("%d,%d,%ld", &a, &b, &c);
printf(“a=%d,b=%d,c=%ld\n”, a, b, c);
return 0;
}
例3.6
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ int a, b, c, d;
scanf_s("%2d%3d%*d,%d%d", &a, &b, &c, &d); printf(“a=%d,b=%d,c=%d,d=%d\n”, a, b, c, d); printf(“a=%4d,b=%-4d,c=%-4d,d=%4d\n”, a, b, c, d); printf(“a=%+4d,b=%+4d,c=%+4d,d=%+4d\n”, a, b, c, d);
return 0;
}
例3.7
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ float f;
double d;
scanf_s("%f%lf", &f, &d);
printf(“f=%f,d=%f\n”, f, d);
printf(“f=%4.2f,d=%.3f\n”, f, d);
return 0;
}
例3.8
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ char a, b, c;
scanf_s("%c%c%c", &a, &b, &c);
printf(“a=%3c,b=%c,b=%c\n”, a, b, c);
return 0;
}
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ char a, b, c;
scanf_s("%c %c %c", &a,1, &b,2, &c,3); printf(“a=%3c,b=%c,b=%c\n”, a, b, c);
return 0;
}
例3.9
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ char ch;
ch = getchar();
putchar(ch);
return 0;
}
例3.10
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>;
#define PI 3.14
int main()
{ float r, v;
printf(“输入半径r:”);
scanf_s("%f", &r);
v = 4.0 / 3 * PI * pow(r, 3);
printf(“体积为:%.2f\n”, v);
return 0;
}
例3.11
#include<math.h>
int main()
{ float a, b, c, x1, x2, p, q;
printf(“请输入三个系数:”); scanf_s(“a=%f,b=%f,c=%f”, & a, &b, &c);
p = -b / (2 * a);
q = sqrt(b * b - 4 * a * c) / (2 * a);
x1 = p + q; x2 = p - q;
printf(“x1=%5.2f\nx2=%5.2f\n”, a, b, c);
return 0;
}