第五章循环结构程序设计总结

c语言中提供了for语句、while语句和do-while三种循环语句

1.for语句的基本语法：

for语句的一般形式为：for（表达式1;表达式2;表达式3）循环体语句;

for语句的执行过程如下：第1步：首先计算表达式1。第2步：判断表达式2，若其值为真（非0），则执行循环体语句，然后执行第3步;若值为假（0），结束循环，转到第五步执行。第3步：计算表达式3。第4步：返回第2步继续执行。第5步：循环结束，继续执行for语句的下一条复合语句。

2.while语句的基本语法：

while的一般形式：while(表达式)循环体;

while语句的执行过程：第1步：计算表达式的值，若表达式的值为“真”，则执行第2步；若表达式的值为“假”，则转到第4步。第2步：执行循环体语句。第3步：返回第1步。第4步：结束循环，执行while语句的下一条语句。

3.do-wile语句的基本语法：

do-wile语句的一般形式：do循环体  while(表达式);

第1步：执行循环体语句。第2步：计算表达式的值，若表达式的值为“真”（非0），返回第1步；若表达式的值为“假”（0），则执行第3步。第3步：结束循环，执行do-while语句的下一条语句

4.break语句：

当break用于循环体语句中时,可使程序终止循环而转去执行循环语句的后续语句。

5.continue语句

continue语句的作用是跳过循环体中continue后面的语句，继续下一次循环。

5.1

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
 int n = 13, year;
 double number, rate = 0.02;
 for(year=1;year<=10;year++)
 {
  number = n * pow((1 + rate), year);
  printf("%2d年后,人数为:%.2f亿\n", year, number);
 }
 return 0;
}

 5.2

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
	double sum, item, flag, denominator;
	sum = 0; item = 1; flag = 1; denominator = 1;
	while (fabs(item) >= 1e-6) {
		sum = sum + item;
		flag = -flag;
		denominator = denominator + 3;
		item = flag / denominator;
	}
	printf("sum=%f\n", sum);
	return 0;
}

 5.3

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, n, sum;
	scanf_s("%d", &n);
	sum = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		sum = sum + i;
	printf("由1到%d的和是：%d\n", n, sum);
	return 0;
}

 5.4

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i, n;
	double factorial;
	printf("输入n的值:");
	scanf_s("%d", &n);
	factorial = 1;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		factorial = factorial * i;
	printf("%d!=%.0f\n", n, factorial);
	return 0;
}

 5.5

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int n, i, denominator, flag;
	float sum, item;
	printf("输入n的值:");
	scanf_s("%d", &n);
	flag = 1;
	denominator = 1;
	sum = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
	{
		item = flag * 1.0 / denominator;
		sum = sum + item;
		flag = -flag;
		denominator = denominator + 3;
	}
	printf("Sum=%.2f\n",sum);
	return 0;
}

 5.6

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i;
	float x,max;
	printf("请输入第1个数:");
	scanf_s("%f", &x);
	max = x;
	for (i = 1; i <= 9; i++)
	{
		printf("请输入第%d个数:", i + 1);
		scanf_s("%f", &x);
		if (x > max)
			max = x;
	}
	printf("10个数的最大值是:%.0f",max);
	return 0;
}

 5.7

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int number, a, b, c;
	for (number = 100; number <= 999; number++)
	{
		a = number / 100;
		b = number % 100 / 10;
		c = number % 10;
		if (number == a * a * a + b * b * b + c * c * c)
			printf("%5d", number);
	}
	return 0;
}

 5.8

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int number, sum,i;
	printf("请输入一个正整数:");
	scanf_s("%d", &number);
	sum = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= number - 1; i++)
		if (number % i == 0)
			sum = sum + i;
	if (number == sum)
		printf("%d是完数\n", number);
	else
	    printf("%d不是完数\n", number);
	return 0;
}

 5.9

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int upper,lower,digit,i,other;
	char ch;
	upper = lower = digit = other = 0;
	printf("输入10个字符:");
	for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
	{
		ch = getchar();
		if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
			lower++;
		else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
			upper++;
		else if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')
			digit++;
		else
			other++;
	}
	printf("小写字母%d个,大写字母%d个,数字%d个,其他字符%d个\n",lower,upper, digit, other);
	return 0;
}

 5.10

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i;
	char ch;
	for (i = 1; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; i++)
		putchar(ch - 32);
	return 0;
}

 5.11

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int n=0,i;
	char ch;
	printf("输入3个数字:");
	for (i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
	{
		scanf_s("%c", &ch);
		n = n * 10 + ch - '0';
	}
	printf("%d\n", n);
	return 0;
}

 5.12

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i,flag,number;
	printf("请输入一个正整数:");
	scanf_s("%d", &number);
	flag = 1;
	for (i = 2; i <= number - 1 && flag; i++)
		if (number % i == 0)
			flag = 0;
	if (flag)
		printf("%d是素数\n", number);
	else
		printf("%d不是素数\n", number);
	return 0;
}

 5.13

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i, sum;
	i = 1; sum = 0;
	while (i <= 100)
	{
		sum = sum + i;
		i = i + 1;
	}
	printf("sum=%d\n",sum);
	return 0;
}

5.14 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i; long n, fact;
	i = 2; fact = 1;
	printf("请输入n的值:");
	scanf_s("%ld", &n);
	while(i<=n)
	{
		fact = fact * i;
		i = i + 1;
	}
	printf("%ld!=%1d\n", n, fact);
	return 0;
}

5.15

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int digit, letter, other = 0;
	char ch;
	digit = letter = other = 0;
	printf("请输入一串字符:");
	while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n')
		if ((ch >= "0") && (ch <= '9'))
			digit++;
		else if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z'))
			letter++;
		else
			other++;
	printf("数字%d个,字母%d个,其他%d个\n",digit,letter,other);
	return 0;
}

 5.16

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i, sum;
	i = 1; sum = 0;
	do
	{ 
		sum = sum + i;
		i = i + 1;
	} while (i <= 100);
	printf("sum=%d\n", sum);
	return 0;
}

 5.17

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int a, b, r, n, m;
	printf("请输入两个整数:");
	scanf_s("%d%d", &a, &b);
	m = a, n = b;
	do
	{
		r = a % b;
		a = b;
		b = r;
	} while (r != 0);
	printf("%d和%d的最大公约数是:%d\n",m,n,a);
	printf("最小公倍数是:%d", m * n / a);
	return 0;
}

 5.18

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	long n, m;
	int count = 0;
	printf("请输入一个整数:");
	scanf_s("%ld", &n);
	m = n;
	if (n < 0)n = -n;
	do
	{
		n = n / 10;
		count++;
	} while (n != 0);
	printf("整数%ld有%d位数\n", m,count);
	return 0;
}

 5.19

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
	int i = 5;
	do
	{
		if (i % 3 == 1)
			if (i % 5 == 2)
			{
				printf("%d", i);
				break;
			}
		i++;
	} while (i!= 0);
	return 0;
}

5.20

 

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(void)
{
	int n, m, i;
	printf("请输入一个正整数:");
	scanf_s("%d", &n);
	m = sqrt(n);
	for (i = 2; i <= m; i++)
		if (n % i == 0)
			break;
	if (i > m)
		printf("%d是素数!\n", n);
	else
		printf("%d不是素数!\n", n);
	return 0;
}

 5.21

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int num, n;
	float score, total = 0;
	num = 0; n = 0;
	while (1)
	{
		printf("请输入分数#%d(0~100):", n + 1);
		scanf_s("%f", &score);
		if (score < 0)
			break;
		if (score < 60)
			num++;
		total = total + score;
		n++;
	}
	printf("平均分数是:%.2f.\n", total / n);
	printf("不及格的有:%d.\n", num);
	return 0;
}

 5.22

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, n = 1;
	for (i = 1; i <= 100; i++)
	{
		if (i % 7 != 0)
			continue;
		printf("%4d", i);
		if (n++ % 5 == 0)printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
}

5.23

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int n, s = 0;
	n = 1;
	while (n < 10)
	{
		s = s + n;
		if (s > 5)
			break;
		if (n % 2 == 1)
			continue;
		n++;
	}
	printf("s=%d,n=%d\n", s, n);
	return 0;
}

 5.24

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, sum;
	i = 1; sum = 0;
loop:if (i <= 100)
{
	sum = sum + i;
	i = i + 1;
	goto loop;
}
printf("sum=%d\n", sum);
	return 0;
}

 5.25

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, j;
	double factorial, s = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
	{
		factorial = 1;
		for (j = 1; j <= i; j++)
			factorial = factorial * j;
		s = s + factorial;
	}
	printf("1!+2!+3!+...+10!=%.0f\n",s);
	return 0;
}

 5.26

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, j;
	for (i = 1; i <= 9; i++)
	{
		for (j = 1; j <= i; j++)
			printf("%d*%d=%d\t", j, i, j * i);
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
}

5.27

 

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
	int i, n, k, count = 0;
	n = 2;
	while (n < 100)
	{
		k = sqrt(n);
		for (i = 2; i <= k; i++)
			if (n % i == 0)break;
		if (i > k)
		{
			printf("%4d", n);
			if (++count % 10 == 0)printf("\n");
		}
		n++;
	}
	return 0;
}

 5.28

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, n, m;
	for (m = 10; m <= 20; m++)
	{
		n = m, i = 2;
		printf("%d=",n);
		do
		{
			if (n % i == 0)
			{
				printf("%d*", i);
				n = n / i;
			}
			else
				i++;
		} while (n != i);
		printf("%d\n", n);
	}
	return 0;
}

 5.29

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int day, d1, d2;
	day = 9;
	d2 = 1;
	do
	{
		d1 = (d2 + 1) * 2;
		d2 = d1;
		--day;
	} while (day > 0);
	printf("第一天摘了%d\n", d1);
	return 0;
}

 5.30

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#define eps 1e-6
int main()
{
	int n = 1; float x;
	double fz, fm = 1, sinx;
	printf("输入x的值:");
	scanf_s("%f", &x);
	fz = x; sinx = x;
	do
	{
		n = n + 1;
		fz = -fz * x * x;
		fm = fm * (2 * n - 2) * (2 * n - 1);
		sinx = sinx + fz / fm;
	} while (fabs(fz / fm) > eps);
	printf("sin(%f)=%0.6f\n", x, sinx);
	printf("sin(%f)=%0.6f\n", x, sin(x));
	return 0;
}

 5.31

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#define eps 1e-6
int main()
{
	float x1, x0, f, f1;
	x1 = 1.0;
	do
	{
		x0 = x1;
		f = ((2 * x0 - 4) * x0 + 3) * x0 - 6;
		f1 = (6 * x0 - 8) * x0 + 3;
		x1 = x0 - f / f1;
	} while (fabs(x1 - x0) >eps);
	printf("%6.2f", x1);
	return 0;
}

 5.32

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int men, women, child;
	for(men=0;men<=9;men++)
		for (women = 0; women <= 12; women++)
		{
			child = 36 - men - women;
			if (men * 4 + women * 3 + child * 0.5 == 36)
				printf("男:%d,女:%d,小孩:%d\n", men, women, child);
		}
	return 0;
}

5.33 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int i, j, k, n = 0;
	for(i=1;i<5;i++)
		for(j=1;j<5;j++)
			for(k=1;k<5;k++)
				if (i != k && i != j && j != k)
				{
					printf("%d%d%d\t", i, j, k);
					if (++n % 5 == 0)printf("\n");
				}
	printf("\n共有:%d\n", n);
	return 0;
}

5.34

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 int i, j;
 for (i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
  for (j = 1; j <= 20 - i; j++) {
   printf(" ");
  }
  for (j = 1; j <= 2 * i - 1; j++) {
   printf("*");
  }
  printf("\n");
 }
 return 0;
}

 5.35

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
 int m, n, count = 0;
 m = rand() % (80 - 10 + 1) + 10;
 printf("请输入一个10-80之间的整数:");
 while (1) {
  scanf_s("%d", &n);
  count++;
  if (m == n) {
   printf("恭喜！你猜对了，你真棒！\n");
   break;
  }
  else if (m > n && count < 5) {
   printf("对不起，你猜小了，再来一次！");
  }
  else if (m < n && count < 5) {
   printf("对不起，你猜大了，再来一次！");
  }
  if (count == 5) {
   printf("对不起，你没有机会了！\n这个数是:%d游戏结束！\n", m);
   break;
  }
 }
}

 5.36

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
	int x, i, j = 0, n, k = 0;
	for (x = 100; x < 1000; x++)
	{
		k = sqrt(x);
		for (i = 2; i <= k; i++)
			if (x % i == 0)
				break;
		if (i > k)
		{
			k = x;
			n = 0;
			while (k > 0)
			{
				n = n * 10 + k % 10;
				k /= 10;
			}
			if (x == n)
			{
				printf("%d\t", x);
				if (++j % 5 == 0)printf("\n");
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

 5.37

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 int x, t;
 printf("i\tpower\n");
 for (x = 100; x < 1000; x++)
 {
  t = x * x;
  while(t!=0)
  {
   if (x == t % 1000)
   {
    printf("%d\t%d\n", x, x * x);
    break;
   }
   else
    t = t / 10;
  }
 }
 return 0;
}