@[TOC]
设计思路
1、设计一个三子棋小游戏首先要熟悉三字棋的规则,即横竖斜三个连成一条线即可。
2、要将其设计成代码,可以利用分治思想来进行划分
1.打印菜单
2.初始化棋盘
3.打印棋盘
4.玩家下棋
5.打印棋盘
6.判断输赢
7.电脑下棋
8.打印棋盘
9.判断输赢
3、根据每一项内容分别进行设计代码,可将问题简单化
分布设计
1.打印菜单
输入1,游戏开始;输入0,游戏结束。
输入其他,重新输入
void menu()
{
printf("*******************\n");
printf("****** 1 play *****\n");
printf("****** 0 exit *****\n");
printf("*******************\n");
}
2.初始化棋盘
使用二维数组存储比较方便,设计ROW行,COL列的棋盘,初始棋盘内容存放空格
//初始化棋盘
void initBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
3.打印棋盘
为了便于观察,打印时注意最后一行,最后一列的特殊性
//打印棋盘
void printBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)//一共打印row行
{
for (int j = 0; j < col-1; j++)//每一行的前col-1列
{
printf(" %c |", board[i][j]);
}
printf(" %c ", board[i][col - 1]);//每一行的最后一列
printf("\n");
if (i < row - 1)//前row-1行后面打印---
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("--- ");
}
printf("\n");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
4.玩家下棋
下棋时要考虑是否出界,是否是正确下标,下标是否已经被占用
//玩家下棋
void userPlay(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int x = 0, y = 0;
while (1)
{
printf("请输入下标:>");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
//下标要合法,且没有被占用
if (x > 0 && x <= row&& y>0 && y <= col&& board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
{
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
//printBoard(board, ROW, COL);
break;
}
else
{
if (x > 0 && x <= row && y>0 && y <= col && board[x - 1][y - 1] != ' ')
printf("下标被占用\n");
else
printf("下标不合法,请重新输入\n");
}
}
}
5.打印棋盘
同3.
6.判断输赢
如果有赢家,返回赢家所下的内容;
如果没有平局,返回Q;
如果无法判断输赢,返回C
//判断输赢
char justWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2]&&board[i][0]!=' ')
return board[i][0];
if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[i][0] != ' ')
return board[0][i];
}
if ((board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ') ||
(board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' '))
return board[1][1];
//继续
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (board[i][j] == ' ')
return 'C';
}
}
//平局
return 'Q';
}
7.电脑下棋
电脑随机下棋,如果成功下棋,进行下一步;如果不成功,知道成功为止
需要使用rand()函数
//电脑下棋
void comPlay(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
while (1)
{
int x = rand() % row;
int y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' ')
{
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
8.打印棋盘
同3.
9.判断输赢
同6.
代码总和
为了便于代码书写,分为三个文件
game.h 包含所需头文件,常量的定义,函数的声明
game.c 进行工程主要函数的定义
test.c 主要进行代码的测试
game.h
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void initBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void printBoard(char board[ROW][COL],int row,int col);
//玩家下棋
void userPlay(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判断输赢
char justWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void comPlay(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
game.c
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include "game.h"
//初始化棋盘
void initBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
//打印棋盘
void printBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col-1; j++)
{
printf(" %c |", board[i][j]);
}
printf(" %c ", board[i][col - 1]);
printf("\n");
if (i < row - 1)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("--- ");
}
printf("\n");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
//玩家下棋
void userPlay(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int x = 0, y = 0;
while (1)
{
printf("请输入下标:>");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
//下标要合法,且没有被占用
if (x > 0 && x <= row&& y>0 && y <= col&& board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
{
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
//printBoard(board, ROW, COL);
break;
}
else
{
if (x > 0 && x <= row && y>0 && y <= col && board[x - 1][y - 1] != ' ')
printf("下标被占用\n");
else
printf("下标不合法,请重新输入\n");
}
}
}
//判断输赢
char justWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2]&&board[i][0]!=' ')
return board[i][0];
if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[i][0] != ' ')
return board[0][i];
}
if ((board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ') ||
(board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' '))
return board[1][1];
//继续
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (board[i][j] == ' ')
return 'C';
}
}
//平局
return 'Q';
}
//电脑下棋
void comPlay(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
while (1)
{
int x = rand() % row;
int y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' ')
{
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
test.c
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include "game.h"
void menu()
{
printf("*******************\n");
printf("****** 1 play *****\n");
printf("****** 0 exit *****\n");
printf("*******************\n");
}
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
char ret = 0;
//初始化棋盘
initBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
printBoard(board, ROW, COL);
while (1)
{
//玩家下棋 玩家使用*
userPlay(board, ROW, COL);
//system("cls");
//打印棋盘
printBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢 玩家赢 电脑赢 平局 继续
ret = justWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
//电脑下棋
comPlay(board, ROW, COL);
//system("cls");//清除函数,放开时可以简化游戏界面
//打印棋盘
printBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢 玩家赢 电脑赢 平局 继续
ret = justWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
}
if (ret == '*')
{
printf("玩家赢\n");
}
else if (ret == '#')
{
printf("电脑赢\n");
}
else if (ret == 'Q')
{
printf("平局\n");
}
}
int main()
{
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
int input = 0;
do
{
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏!!!\n");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误,请重新选择\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}