数据结构学习第一天——顺序表

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操作步骤

函数声明

void outputList(Sqlist paraList)//打印线性表
void outputMemory(SqlistPtr paraListPtr) //打印数据地址
Sqlist sqListInit(int paraData[], int paraLength)//初始化线性表 
void sqListInsert(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition, int paraValue)//插入数据
void sqInsertTest() 
int sqListDelete(SqListPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition)//删除数据 
void sqDeleteTest()//测试删除操作 
int locateElement(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraValue)//由值查找位置 
int getElement(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition)//由位置查找值
void clearList(SqlistPtr paraListPtr)//删除顺序表 

1。创建线性表

typedef struct Sqlist
{
    int actualLength;
    int data[MAX]; 
} *Sqlist;

2.打印线性表

void outputList(SqlistPtr paraList) 
{
    for(int i = 0; i < paraList->actualLength; i ++) 
	{
        printf("%d ", paraList->data[i]);
    }
    printf("\r\n");
}

3.打印数据地址

void outputMemory(SqlistPtr paraListPtr) 
{
    printf("The address of the structure: %ld\r\n", paraListPtr);
    printf("The address of actualLength: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->actualLength);
    printf("The address of data: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->data);
    printf("The address of actual data: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->data[0]);
    printf("The address of second data: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->data[1]);
}

4.初始化线性表

Sqlist sqListInit(int paraData[], int paraLength) 
{
	SqlistPtr resultPtr = (SqlistPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct Sqlist));
	for (int i = 0; i < paraLength; i ++) 
	{
		resultPtr->data[i] = paraData[i];
	}
	resultPtr->actualLength = paraLength;

	return resultPtr;
}

插入数据(开始)

void sqListInsert(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition, int paraValue) {
      //1.检查空间 
    if (paraListPtr->actualLength >= LIST_MAX_LENGTH) 
	{
        printf("不能插入数据:空间已满.\r\n");
        return;
    }
    //2.检查位置 
    if (paraPosition < 0) 
	{
        printf("不能插入数据:位置错位.\n");
        return;
    }
    
    if (paraPosition > paraListPtr->actualLength) 
	{
        printf("不能插入数据: 位置 %d 是大于表的长度 %d.\r\n", paraPosition, paraListPtr->actualLength);
        return;
    }
   //3.移动数据 
    for (int i = paraListPtr->actualLength; i > paraPosition; i --) 
	{
        paraListPtr->data[i] = paraListPtr->data[i - 1];
    }
    //4。插入数据 
    paraListPtr->data[paraPosition] = paraValue;
    //5.更新长度 
    paraListPtr->actualLength ++;
}

6.插入数据(结束)

void sqInsertTest() 
{
	int i;
	int tempArray[5] = {3, 5, 2, 7, 4};

    printf("---- 开始顺序插入测试. ----\r\n");

    SqlistPtr tempList = sqlistInit(tempArray, 5);
    printf("初始化的线性表: ");
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("在首位插入后,线性表: ");
	sqListInsert(tempList, 0, 8);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("在尾部插入后,线性表: ");
	sqListInsert(tempList, 6, 9);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("在尾部之外插入. \r\n");
	sqlistInsert(tempList, 8, 9);
    printf("线性表:");
	outputList(tempList);

	for (i = 0; i < 5; i ++) {
		printf("插入 %d.\r\n", (i + 10));
		sequentialListInsert(tempList, 0, (i + 10));
		outputList(tempList);
	}

    printf("---- 顺序插入测试结束. ----\r\n");
}

7.删除数据

int sqListDelete(SqListPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition) {
    //检查位置 
    if (paraPosition < 0) {
        printf("错误位置: %d.\r\n", paraPosition);
        return -1;
    }
    

    if (paraPosition >= paraListPtr->actualLength) {
        printf("不能删除: 位置 %d 是超出线性表长度 %d.\r\n", paraPosition, paraListPtr->actualLength);
        return -1;
    }
    
    
	int resultValue = paraListPtr->data[paraPosition];
    for (int i = paraPosition; i < paraListPtr->actualLength; i ++) {
        paraListPtr->data[i] = paraListPtr->data[i + 1];
    }
    
    paraListPtr->actualLength --;


	return resultValue;
}

8.测试删除操作

void sqDeleteTest() {
	int tempArray[5] = {3, 5, 2, 7, 4};

    printf("---- 开始数据删除测试. ----\r\n");

    SequentialListPtr tempList = sequentialListInit(tempArray, 5);
    printf("初始化的线性表为: ");
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除首位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 0);
	outputList(tempList);


    printf("删除尾部数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 3);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除第二位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 1);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除第五位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 5);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除倒数第六位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, -6);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("---- 删除数据测试结束. ----\r\n");

	outputMemory(tempList);
}

9.完整代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

#define MAXSIZE 10


//创建线性表 
typedef struct Sqlist
{
    int actualLength;
    int data[MAXSIZE]; 
} Sqlist;

//打印线性表 
void outputList(SqlistPtr paraList) 
{
    for(int i = 0; i < paraList->actualLength; i ++) 
	{
        printf("%d ", paraList->data[i]);
    }
    printf("\r\n");
}

//打印数据地址 
void outputMemory(SqlistPtr paraListPtr) 
{
    printf("The address of the structure: %ld\r\n", paraListPtr);
    printf("The address of actualLength: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->actualLength);
    printf("The address of data: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->data);
    printf("The address of actual data: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->data[0]);
    printf("The address of second data: %ld\r\n", &paraListPtr->data[1]);
}

//初始化线性表 
Sqlist sqListInit(int paraData[], int paraLength) 
{
	SqlistPtr resultPtr = (SqlistPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct Sqlist));
	for (int i = 0; i < paraLength; i ++) 
	{
		resultPtr->data[i] = paraData[i];
	}
	resultPtr->actualLength = paraLength;

	return resultPtr;
}

//插入数据 
void sqListInsert(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition, int paraValue) {
      //1.检查空间 
    if (paraListPtr->actualLength >= LIST_MAX_LENGTH) 
	{
        printf("不能插入数据:空间已满.\r\n");
        return;
    }
    //2.检查位置 
    if (paraPosition < 0) 
	{
        printf("不能插入数据:位置错位.\n");
        return;
    }
    
    if (paraPosition > paraListPtr->actualLength) 
	{
        printf("不能插入数据: 位置 %d 是大于表的长度 %d.\r\n", paraPosition, paraListPtr->actualLength);
        return;
    }
   //3.移动数据 
    for (int i = paraListPtr->actualLength; i > paraPosition; i --) 
	{
        paraListPtr->data[i] = paraListPtr->data[i - 1];
    }
    //4。插入数据 
    paraListPtr->data[paraPosition] = paraValue;
    //5.更新长度 
    paraListPtr->actualLength ++;
}

void sqInsertTest() 
{
	int i;
	int tempArray[5] = {3, 5, 2, 7, 4};

    printf("---- 开始顺序插入测试. ----\r\n");

    SqlistPtr tempList = sqlistInit(tempArray, 5);
    printf("初始化的线性表: ");
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("在首位插入后,线性表: ");
	sqListInsert(tempList, 0, 8);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("在尾部插入后,线性表: ");
	sqListInsert(tempList, 6, 9);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("在尾部之外插入. \r\n");
	sqlistInsert(tempList, 8, 9);
    printf("线性表:");
	outputList(tempList);

	for (i = 0; i < 5; i ++) {
		printf("插入 %d.\r\n", (i + 10));
		sequentialListInsert(tempList, 0, (i + 10));
		outputList(tempList);
	}

    printf("---- 顺序插入测试结束. ----\r\n");
}

//删除数据 
int sqListDelete(SqListPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition) {
    //检查位置 
    if (paraPosition < 0) {
        printf("错误位置: %d.\r\n", paraPosition);
        return -1;
    }
    

    if (paraPosition >= paraListPtr->actualLength) {
        printf("不能删除: 位置 %d 是超出线性表长度 %d.\r\n", paraPosition, paraListPtr->actualLength);
        return -1;
    }
    
    
	int resultValue = paraListPtr->data[paraPosition];
    for (int i = paraPosition; i < paraListPtr->actualLength; i ++) {
        paraListPtr->data[i] = paraListPtr->data[i + 1];
    }
    
    paraListPtr->actualLength --;


	return resultValue;
}
//测试删除操作 
void sqDeleteTest() {
	int tempArray[5] = {3, 5, 2, 7, 4};

    printf("---- 开始数据删除测试. ----\r\n");

    SequentialListPtr tempList = sequentialListInit(tempArray, 5);
    printf("初始化的线性表为: ");
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除首位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 0);
	outputList(tempList);


    printf("删除尾部数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 3);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除第二位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 1);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除第五位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, 5);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("删除倒数第六位数据: ");
	sequentialListDelete(tempList, -6);
	outputList(tempList);

    printf("---- 删除数据测试结束. ----\r\n");

	outputMemory(tempList);
}
//由值查找位置 
int locateElement(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraValue) {
	for (int i = 0; i < paraListPtr->actualLength; i ++) {
		if (paraListPtr->data[i] == paraValue) {
			return i;
		}
	}
	

	return -1;
}
//由位置查找值 
int getElement(SqlistPtr paraListPtr, int paraPosition) {

    if (paraPosition < 0) {
        printf("无效位置: %d.\r\n", paraPosition);
        return -1;
    }

    if (paraPosition >= paraListPtr->actualLength) {
        printf("错误的数据: 位置 %d 是超过线性表长度 %d.\r\n", paraPosition, paraListPtr->actualLength);
        return -1;
    }

	return paraListPtr->data[paraPosition];
}
//删除顺序表 
void clearList(SqlistPtr paraListPtr) {
	paraListPtr->actualLength = 0;
}


void main() {
	sqInsertTest();
	sqDeleteTest();
}

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