目录
一、Mysql多表联合查询练习
创建如下表
部门表:
create table dept (
deptno int,-- 部门编号
dname varchar(14),-- 部门名称
loc varchar(13),-- 部门地址
constraint zj1 primary key(deptno)
);
insert into dept values
(10,'accounting','new york'),
(20,'reserch','dallas'),
(30,'sales','chicago'),
(40,'oprations','boston');
员工表:
create table emp(
empno int primary key, -- 员工编号
ename varchar(20), -- 员工姓名
job varchar(20), -- 员工工作
mgr int, -- 员工直属编号
hiredate date, -- 入职时间
sal double, -- 员工薪水
com double, -- 员工奖金
deptno int -- 对应部门编号
);
alter table emp add constraint wj foreign key(deptno) references dept(deptno);
insert into emp values(7369,'smith', 'clerk',7902,'1980-12-17', 800,null,20);
insert into emp values(7499,' allen','salesman',7698,'1981-02-20', 1600,300,30);
insert into emp values(7521, 'ward','salesman' ,7698, '1981-02-22', 1250, 500,30);
insert into emp values(7566, 'jones', 'manager' ,7839, '1981-04-02' , 2975, null,20);
insert into emp values(7654, ' martin', 'salesman' ,7698, ' 1981-09-28',1250, 1400,30);
insert into emp values(7698,'blake','manager',7839,'1981-05-01',2850, null,30);
insert into emp values( 7782,'clark' ,'manager' ,7839, '1981-06-09',2450,null,10);
insert into emp values(7788, 'scottanalyst','analyst', 7566,'1987-07-03',300, null,20);
insert into emp values(7839,'king','president',null,'1981-11-17',5000,null,10);
insert into emp values(7844, 'turner','salesman',7698,'1981-09-08',1500,0,30);
insert into emp values(7876, ' adams','clerk',7788,'1987-07-13',1100,null,20);
insert into emp values(7900,'james','clerk',7698,'1981-12-03',950,null,30);
insert into emp values(7902,'ford','analyst',7566,'1981-12-03',3000,null,20);
insert into emp values(7934,'miller','clerk',7782,'1981-01-23',1300,null,10);
工资等级表:
create table salgrade(
grade int, -- 等级
losal double, -- 最低工资
hisal double -- 最高工资
);
insert into salgrade values
(1,700,1200),
(2,1201,1400),
(3,1401,2000),
(4,2001,3000),
(5,3001,9999);
完成下列要求
- -- 返回拥有员工的部门名、部门号
- -- 工资水平多于smith的员工信息
- -- 返回员工和所属经理的姓名
- -- 返回雇员的雇佣日期早于其经理雇佣日期的员工及其经理姓名
- -- 返回员工姓名及其所在的部门名称
- -- 返回从事clerk工作的员工姓名和所在部门名称
- -- 返回部门号及其本部门的最低工资
- -- 返回销售部(sales)所有员工的姓名
- -- 返回工资水平多于平均工资的员工
- -- 返回与scottanalyst从事相同工作的员工
- -- 返回工资高于30部门所有员工工资水平的员工信息
- -- 返回员工工作及其从事此工作的最低工资
- -- 计算出员工的年薪,并且以年薪降序排序
- -- 返回工资处于第四级别的员工的姓名和薪资
- -- 返回工资为二等级的职员名字、部门所在地
代码实现
-- 1.返回拥有员工的部门名、部门号
select distinct dept.dname,dept.deptno from emp join dept on emp.deptno=dept.deptno;
-- 2.工资水平多于smith的员工信息
select * from emp where sal>(select sal from emp where ename='smith');
-- 3.返回员工和所属经理的姓名
select a.ename,b.ename from emp a join emp b on a.empno=b.mgr;
-- 4.返回雇员的雇佣日期早于其经理雇佣日期的员工及其经理姓名
select a.ename,a.hiredate,b.ename,b.hiredate from emp a join emp b on a.empno=b.mgr and a.hiredate<b.hiredate;
-- 5.返回员工姓名及其所在的部门名称
select ename,dname from emp join dept on emp.deptno=dept.deptno;
-- 6.返回从事clerk工作的员工姓名和所在部门名称
select ename,dname,job from emp join dept on emp.deptno=dept.deptno and job='clerk';
-- 7.返回部门号及其本部门的最低工资
select min(sal),emp.deptno from emp group by emp.deptno;
-- 8.返回销售部(sales)所有员工的姓名
select dname,ename from emp a join dept b on a.deptno=b.deptno and dname='sales';
-- 9.返回工资水平多于平均工资的员工
select * from emp a where a.sal>(select avg(sal) from emp b );
-- 10.返回与scottanalyst从事相同工作的员工
select * from emp where job=(select job from emp where ename='scottanalyst') and ename!='scottanalyst';
-- 11.返回工资高于30部门所有员工工资水平的员工信息
select * from emp where sal>all(select sal from emp where deptno=30) ;
-- 12.返回员工工作及其从事此工作的最低工资
select min(sal),job from emp group by job;
-- 13.计算出员工的年薪,并且以年薪降序排序
select ename,sal*12 + com yearsal from emp order by yearsal desc;
-- 这里要注意,有些奖金为null而我们不能直接加上null:任何值加上null就为null
-- 所以需要用到一个关键字来避免加上null 那就是ifnll(不是,是)
select ename,sal*12 + ifnull(com,0) yearsal from emp order by yearsal desc;
-- 对比两者发现区别
-- 14.返回工资处于第四级别的员工的姓名和薪资
select ename,sal from emp where sal between (select losal from salgrade where grade=4) and (select hisal from salgrade where grade=4 );
-- 15.返回工资为二等级的职员名字、部门所在地
select ename,dname (from select * from emp where sal between (select losal from salgrade where grade=2) and (select hisal from salgrade where grade=2)) a join dept on a.deptno=dept.deptno;-- 错误一体环
-- 上面是错误的乱套写法
-- 对于多表的连接是有具体的格式的
select ename,dname,sal
from emp a
join dept b on a.deptno=b.deptno
join salgrade c on grade=2 and a.sal between c.losal and c.hisal; -- 奥迪环
select ename,dname,sal
from emp a ,dept b ,salgrade c
where a.deptno=b.deptno and c.grade=2 and a.sal between c.losal and c.hisal;