网络中级实验 --- OSPF、BGP

拓扑设计和IP地址规划

172.16.0.0/24 --- 172.16.7.0/24   （使用网段）

172.16.0.0/24 --> 172.16.0.0/30    （骨干）

172.16.1.0/24 --> 172.16.1.0/32    （环回）

172.16.2.0/24 --- 172.16.7.0/24   （用户网段）

1.配置IP地址和环回

[r1]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r2]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[r2]int lo1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.1 30
[r2]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.9 30
[r3]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.3 32
[r3]int lo1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[r3]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30
[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.4 32
[r4]int lo1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.6 30
[r4]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.21 30
[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.5 32
[r5]int lo1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.5.1 24
[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.10 30
[r5]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.13 30
[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.6 32
[r6]int lo1
[r6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.14 30
[r6]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.17 30
[r7]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.7 32
[r7]int lo1
[r7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.22 30
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.17 30
[r7]int g0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.1.1.1 24
[r8]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 8.8.8.8 24
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.1.1.2 24

（测试）

2.对AS2网段进行OSPF宣告

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0 
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0 
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
（修改用户环回的网络类型）
[r2]int lo1
[r2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r3]int lo1
[r3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r4]int lo1
[r4-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r5]int lo1
[r5-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r6]int lo1
[r6-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r7]int lo1
[r7-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 

（查看）

（查看路由）

3.开启BGP协议（建邻配置）

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 78.1.1.2 as-number 3
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 78.1.1.1 as-number 2

（查看）

4.在BGP协议中宣告路由

（1）将R1的环回传给全网

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24

（查看）

（R3和R5不优，在R2上针对邻居3和邻居5改下一跳）


[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 next-hop-local

（R4和R7上都没有R1的路由）

（在R3和R6上搭建路由反射器）
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 reflect-client
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 reflect-client

（查看）

（2）将R8的环回传给全网

[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 8.8.8.0 24

（查看）

（R4和R6不优，在R7上针对邻居4和邻居6改下一跳）


[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local

（查看）

（3）测试

5.通过BGP将AS2传给AS1和AS3

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21   
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

（查看）

（测试）