JAVA复制

JAVA复制

java 复制就是将一个对象的引用复制到另一个对象。主要有三种方式，第一种是直接赋值，第二种是浅拷贝，第三种是深拷贝

直接赋值

a1 = a2

直接赋值复制的仅仅是引用，也就是a1和a2指向的是用一个对象。当a1变化时，a2也跟着变化。

浅拷贝

• 如果拷贝的对象是值类型，将赋值给给克隆对象，在堆中有独立的内存
• 如果拷贝的对象是引用类型，则将引用对象的地址复制给克隆对象，两个对象指向相同的地址

Person类

class Person implements Cloneable{

    private Integer age ;
    private String name ;
    private Student student;

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

        try {
            return super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;

    }

    public Person(Integer age, String name, Student student) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
        this.student = student;
    }

    public Person() {
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(String name) {
        this.student.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", student=" + student +
                '}';
    }
}

Student类

class Student {

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    String name = "zx";

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

测试

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

        Person p1 = new Person(18, "jx", new Student("zx"));
        Person p2 = (Person)p1.clone();
        System.out.println(p1);
        System.out.println(p2);

        p1.setName("xx");
        p1.setAge(19);
        p1.setStudent("wz");

        System.out.println(p1);
        System.out.println(p2);

    }
}

输出结果

Person{age=18, name='jx', student=Student{name='zx'}}
Person{age=18, name='jx', student=Student{name='zx'}}
Person{age=19, name='xx', student=Student{name='wz'}}
Person{age=18, name='jx', student=Student{name='wz'}}

浅拷贝之后，两个对象的结果相同。

改变p1的成员属性值后，p2的student属性随之改变，而age和name属性却没有发生变化。因为当改变如Integer、String这类不可变的对象时，会在内存中生成一个新的对象来存放新的值，所以p1的name和age指向了新的地址，但p2的并没有改变。

深拷贝

深拷贝不仅复制对象本身，还复制对象所包含的引用所指向的所有的对象

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

        Person p1 = new Person(18, "jx", new Student("zx"));
        Person p2 = (Person)p1.clone();
        System.out.println(p1);
        System.out.println(p2);

        p1.setName("xx");
        p1.setAge(19);
        p1.setStudent("wz");

        System.out.println(p1);
        System.out.println(p2);

    }
}

class Person implements Cloneable{

    private Integer age ;
    private String name ;
    private Student student;

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

        try {
            Person person = (Person)super.clone();
            person.student = (Student)student.clone();
            return person;
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;

    }

    public Person(Integer age, String name, Student student) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
        this.student = student;
    }

    public Person() {
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(String name) {
        this.student.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", student=" + student +
                '}';
    }
}

class Student implements Cloneable{

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    String name = "zx";

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

最后的结果

Person{age=18, name='jx', student=Student{name='zx'}}
Person{age=18, name='jx', student=Student{name='zx'}}
Person{age=19, name='xx', student=Student{name='wz'}}
Person{age=18, name='jx', student=Student{name='zx'}}