用两个线程拷贝一张图片，要求A线程拷贝前半部分，B线程拷贝后半部分。

代码实现如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

//结构体定义，需要传入到分支线程的数据类型结构体
struct info
{
	int fd_r;
	int fd_w;
	off_t size;
};

//互斥锁的初始化
pthread_mutex_t mutex;

void *funcA(void *arg)   //void *arg == &msg;
{
	int fd_r = ((struct info*)arg)->fd_r;
	int fd_w = ((struct info*)arg)->fd_w;
	off_t size = ((struct info*)arg)->size;

	off_t offset = 0;     //记录当前对文件修改后的偏移量
	char buf[10] = {0};
	ssize_t res = 0;
	ssize_t read_size = 0;
	ssize_t half_size = size/2;

	while(1)
	{
		/***********临界区************/
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
		read_size = half_size/sizeof(buf) == 0? half_size:sizeof(buf);
		lseek(fd_r, offset, SEEK_SET);
		lseek(fd_w, offset, SEEK_SET);
	
		res = read(fd_r, buf, read_size);
		write(fd_w, buf, res);

		offset = lseek(fd_r, 0, SEEK_CUR);  //记录当前位置后再解锁
	
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		/***********临界区************/
		if((half_size-=read_size) == 0)
			break;
	}
	printf("前半部分拷贝完毕\n");
	pthread_exit(NULL);
}

void *funcB(void *arg)
{
	int fd_r = ((struct info*)arg)->fd_r;
	int fd_w = ((struct info*)arg)->fd_w;
	off_t size = ((struct info*)arg)->size;

	off_t offset = size/2;     //记录当前对文件修改后的偏移量
	char c = 0;

	for(int i = 0; i < size/2; i++)
	{
		/***********临界区************/
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
		lseek(fd_r, offset, SEEK_SET);
		lseek(fd_w, offset, SEEK_SET);

		read(fd_r, &c, 1);
		write(fd_w, &c, 1);

		offset = lseek(fd_r, 0, SEEK_CUR);  //记录当前位置后再解锁
	
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		/***********临界区************/
	}
	printf("后半部分拷贝完毕\n");
	pthread_exit(NULL);
}

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	//创建互斥锁
	pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);

	//打开文件
	int fd_r = open("./1.png",O_RDONLY);
	if(fd_r < 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"__%d__",__LINE__);
		perror("open");
		return -1;
	}

	int fd_w = open("./copy.png",O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0664);
	if(fd_w < 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"__%d__",__LINE__);
		perror("open");
		return -1;
	}	

	off_t size = lseek(fd_r, 0, SEEK_END);

	struct info msg;
	msg.fd_r = fd_r;
	msg.fd_w = fd_w;
	msg.size = size;

	//创建一个线程拷贝上半部分
	pthread_t tid;
	if(pthread_create(&tid, NULL, funcA, &msg) != 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"pthread_create failed\n");
		return -1;
	}

	//创建一个线程拷贝下半部分
	pthread_t tid2;
	if(pthread_create(&tid2, NULL, funcB, &msg) != 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"pthread_create failed\n");
		return -1;
	}

	pthread_join(tid,NULL);
	pthread_join(tid2,NULL);

	//销毁互斥锁
	pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);

	//关闭文件
	close(fd_r);
	close(fd_w);

	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

ubuntu@ubuntu:06_2022-12-12$ gcc copy.c -pthread
ubuntu@ubuntu:06_2022-12-12$ ./a.out 

前半部分拷贝完毕
后半部分拷贝完毕
ubuntu@ubuntu:06_2022-12-12$ 
ubuntu@ubuntu:06_2022-12-12$ diff 1.png copy.png 
ubuntu@ubuntu:06_2022-12-12$