MySQL

数据库的分类

关系型数据库（MySQL，Oracle，DB2等）

一对一，一对多，多对多等关系模型。

非关系型数据库（NoSQL等）

解决大规模数据集合多重数据种类带来的挑战，特别是大应用数据难题

什么是SQL

SQL（structured query language）结构化查询语言，是一种特殊的编程语言，是一种数据库查询和程序设计语言，用于存取数据以及查询，更新和管理关系数据库系统。

SQL的分类

DQL数据查询语言 data query language 

查询

DDL数据定义语言 data definition language

定义结构

DML数据操纵语言 data manipulation language

增 删 改

DCL数据控制语言 data control language

权限

TPL数据事务管理语言translation processing language

数据事务

CCL指针控制语言 cursor control language

DBMS SQL DB之间的关系

dbms通过执行sql来操作db中的数据

MYSQL命令行基本命令

CREATE DATABASE dl;
创建数据库dl;

USE dl;
使用数据库dl

show DATABASES;
显示所有数据库

DROP DATABASE dl;
删除数据库dl

SELECT DATABASE();
查看当前用的是哪个数据库

show TABLES
查看数据库中的表

SELECT VERSION()
查看当前mysql的版本

测试化数据

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMP;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS DEPT;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS SALGRADE;

CREATE TABLE DEPT(DEPTNO int(2) not null ,
	DNAME VARCHAR(14) ,
	LOC VARCHAR(13),
	primary key (DEPTNO)
);
CREATE TABLE EMP(EMPNO int(4)  not null ,
	ENAME VARCHAR(10),
	JOB VARCHAR(9),
	MGR INT(4),
	HIREDATE DATE  DEFAULT NULL,
	SAL DOUBLE(7,2),
	COMM DOUBLE(7,2),
	primary key (EMPNO),
	DEPTNO INT(2) 
);

CREATE TABLE SALGRADE( GRADE INT,
	LOSAL INT,
	HISAL INT
);

INSERT INTO DEPT ( DEPTNO, DNAME, LOC ) VALUES ( 10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK'); 
INSERT INTO DEPT ( DEPTNO, DNAME, LOC ) VALUES ( 20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS'); 
INSERT INTO DEPT ( DEPTNO, DNAME, LOC ) VALUES ( 30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO'); 
INSERT INTO DEPT ( DEPTNO, DNAME, LOC ) VALUES ( 40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON'); 
 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902,  '1980-12-17', 800, NULL, 20); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698,  '1981-02-20', 1600, 300, 30); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698,  '1981-02-22', 1250, 500, 30); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839,  '1981-04-02', 2975, NULL, 20); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698,  '1981-09-28', 1250, 1400, 30); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839,  '1981-05-01', 2850, NULL, 30); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839,  '1981-06-09', 2450, NULL, 10); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566,  '1987-04-19', 3000, NULL, 20); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', NULL,  '1981-11-17', 5000, NULL, 10); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698,  '1981-09-08', 1500, 0, 30); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788,  '1987-05-23', 1100, NULL, 20); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698,  '1981-12-03', 950, NULL, 30); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566,  '1981-12-03', 3000, NULL, 20); 
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM,DEPTNO ) VALUES ( 7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782,  '1982-01-23', 1300, NULL, 10); 
 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE ( GRADE, LOSAL, HISAL ) VALUES ( 1, 700, 1200); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE ( GRADE, LOSAL, HISAL ) VALUES ( 2, 1201, 1400); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE ( GRADE, LOSAL, HISAL ) VALUES ( 3, 1401, 2000); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE ( GRADE, LOSAL, HISAL ) VALUES ( 4, 2001, 3000); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE ( GRADE, LOSAL, HISAL ) VALUES ( 5, 3001, 9999); 
commit;

DQL

简单查询

条件查询

排序操作

数据处理函数

数学相关

获取相同的随机数

日期相关

分组函数

分组查询

连接查询

drop table if exists t_customer;
drop table if exists t_order;

create table t_customer(
  customer_id int,
  customer_name varchar(32)
);

create table t_order(
  order_id int,
  order_price decimal(5,1),
  customer_id int
);

insert into t_customer(customer_id,customer_name) values(1,'zhangsan');
insert into t_customer(customer_id,customer_name) values(2,'lisi');
insert into t_customer(customer_id,customer_name) values(3,'wangwu');

insert into t_order(order_id, order_price, customer_id) values(10, 1000.0, 1);
insert into t_order(order_id, order_price, customer_id) values(20, 2000.0, 1);
insert into t_order(order_id, order_price, customer_id) values(30, 3000.0, 2);
insert into t_order(order_id, order_price, customer_id) values(40, 4000.0, 2);

commit;
select * from t_customer;
select * from t_order;