一、实验拓扑
二、实验要求
1、双点双向重发布
2、所有选路最佳
3、存在备份路径
三、实验分析
首先,该拓扑左边是跑rip协议,r2的环回在rip;右边跑ospf,r4的环回在ospf;想要两边全网可达,这里采用多点双向重发布的方法,在r2、r4路由上配置,配置完成后可以测试两边都能互相访问,但是会出现r1到r4之间存在选路不佳的问题,所以在rip协议中可以采用偏移列表来干涉选路,在ospf协议中可以采用路由策略来干涉选路。
四、实验步骤
1、配置IP
[r1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 14.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
[r4]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 14.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
2、配置rip
[r1]rip 1
[r1-rip-1]version 2
[r1-rip-1]network 1.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]network 14.0.0.0
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1] version 2
[r2-rip-1] network 12.0.0.0
[r2-rip-1] network 2.0.0.0
[r4]rip 1
[r4-rip-1] version 2
[r4-rip-1] network 14.0.0.0
3、配置ospf
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1] area 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 23.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1] area 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
4、修改r4的环回网络模式
如下图所示,框起来的那条路由是ospf从rip那里学来的,我本身直连着4.4.4.4/24,所以这条路由多余。
解决办法:进入r4的环回接口,ospf network-type broadcast 即可
[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
修改好后,那条路由就消失了,如下图所示。
5、配置多点双向重发布
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip
[r4]rip 1
[r4-rip-1] import-route ospf 1
6、rip区域干涉选路,配置最优路径
入接口调用:
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] rip metricin ip-prefix 4 2[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] rip metricin ip-prefix 3 2
定义要抓取的流量:
[r1]ip ip-prefix 4 index 10 permit 4.4.4.0 24
[r1]ip ip-prefix 4 index 20 permit 34.1.1.0 24
[r1]ip ip-prefix 3 index 10 permit 23.1.1.0 24
查看选路效果:
7、OSPF区域干涉选路,配置最优路径
重发布的时候调用路由策略:
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1] import-route rip 1 route-policy gg修改gg表中node 10节点流量的属性,类型改为了1:
[r2-ospf-1]route-policy gg permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r2-route-policy] if-match ip-prefix gg
[r2-route-policy] apply cost-type type-1
[r2-route-policy]route-policy gg permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r2-route-policy] if-match ip-prefix gg
[r2-route-policy] apply cost-type type-1定义空列表,允许其他流量访问:
[r2-route-policy]route-policy gg permit node 50
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r2-route-policy]q定义要抓取的流量:
[r2]ip ip-prefix gg index 10 permit 2.2.2.0 24
[r2]ip ip-prefix gg index 20 permit 12.1.1.0 24
定义要抓取的流量:
[r4]ip ip-prefix gg permit 14.1.1.0 24
对抓取的流量修改属性:
[r4]route-policy gg permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix gg
[r4-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[r4-route-policy]q
定义空列表,允许让其他流量:
[r4]route-policy gg permit node 50
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]q
重发布的时候调用:
[r4]ospf
[r4-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy gg
7、测试
查看r3的效果:
r3访问12网段,最优路径是走23网段,关闭r3的g0/0/0口,走34网段
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shutdown
关闭后,效果如下图,可以看出r3现在走的是34网段
r3pingr1的环回:
同理,r1访问34网段,最优路径是走14网段,关闭r1的g0/0/1口,走12网段