经典卷积神经网络LeNet

先使用卷积层来学习图片空间信息。

然后使用全连接层来转换到类别空间。

LeNet有两个部分组成：卷积编码器和全连接层密集块

import torch
from torch import nn
from d2l import torch as d2l

class Reshape(torch.nn.Module):
    def forward(self,x):
        return x.view(-1,1,28,28)

net=torch.nn.Sequential(
    Reshape(),nn.Conv2d(1,6,kernel_size=5,padding=2),nn.Sigmoid(),
    nn.AvgPool2d(2,stride=2),
    nn.Conv2d(6,16,kernel_size=5),nn.Sigmoid(),
    nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2,stride=2),nn.Flatten(),
    nn.Linear(16*5*5,120),nn.Sigmoid(),
    nn.Linear(120,84),nn.Sigmoid(),
    nn.Linear(84,10)
)

检查模型

X=torch.rand(size=(1,1,28,28),dtype=torch.float32)
for layer in net:
    X=layer(X)
    print((layer.__class__.__name__,'output shape: \t',X.shape))

对evaluate_accuracy函数进行轻微的修改

batch_size = 256
train_iter, test_iter = d2l.load_data_fashion_mnist(batch_size=batch_size)
def evaluate_accuracy_gpu(net,data_iter,device=None):
    # 使用GPU计算模型在数据集上的精度
    if isinstance(net,torch.nn.Module):
        net.eval()
        if not device:
            device=next(iter(net.parameters())).device
    metric=d2l.Accumulator(2)
    for X,y in data_iter:
        if isinstance(X,list):
            x=[x.to(device) for x in x]
        else:
            x=x.to(device)
        y=y.to(device)
        metric.add(d2l.accuracy(net(x),y),y.numel())
    return metric[0]/metric[1]

模型训练

def train_ch6(net, train_iter, test_iter, num_epochs, lr, device):
    def init_weights(m):
        if (type(m) == nn.Linear or type(m) == nn.Conv2d):
            nn.init.xavier_uniform_(m.weight)

    net.apply(init_weights)
    print('training on', device)
    net.to(device)
    optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=lr)
    loss = nn.CrossEntropyLoss
    animator = d2l.Accumulator(xlabel='epoch', xlim=[1, num_epochs], legend=['train loss', 'train acc', 'test acc'])
    timer, num_batches = d2l.Timer(), len(train_iter)
    for epoch in range(num_epochs):
        metric = d2l.Accumulator(3)
        net.train()
        for i, (X, y) in enumerate(train_iter):
            timer.start()
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)
            y_hat = net(X)
            l = loss(y_hat, y)
            l.backward()
            optimizer.step()
            with torch.no_grad():
                metric.add(1 * X.shape[0], d2l.accuracy(y_hat, y), X.shape[0])
            timer.stop()
            train_l = metric[0] / metric[2]
            train_acc = metric[1] / metric[2]
            if (i + 1) % (num_batches // 5) == 0 or i == num_batches - 1:
                animator.add(epoch + (i + 1) / num_batches), (train_l, train_acc, None)
        test_acc = evaluate_accuracy_gpu(net, test_iter)
        animator.add(epoch + 1, (None, None, test_acc))
    print(f'loss{train_l:.3f},train acc{train_acc:.3f}, 'f'test acc {test_acc:.3f}')
    print(f'{metric[2] * num_epochs / timer.sum():.1f} examples/sec 'f'on {str(device)}')


lr, num_epochs = 0.9, 10
train_ch6(net, train_iter, test_iter, num_epochs, lr, d2l.try_gpu())