Mysql数据库安装登录及密码修改

目录

数据库安装

数据库卸载

数据库登录

登录数据库

修改密码

可以登录的情况下修改密码

忘记密码的情况下更改密码

---

数据库安装

5.7和8.0版本链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1EanyXTOPi0YXKVuYB_2qcA 
提取码：93in

下面是redhat9的安装

[root@redhat9-1 ~]#  rpm -ivh  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# dnf install mysql-server -y
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-05-24 21:07:10 CST; 12s ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    Process: 41705 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 41778 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 75115)
     Memory: 475.9M
        CPU: 8.537s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─41778 /usr/sbin/mysqld
​
5月 24 21:07:00 redhat9-1 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
5月 24 21:07:10 redhat9-1 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-05-24T13:07:04.939907Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password i                                                                                        s generated for root@localhost: kDgBlZnX=3ke
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'kDgBlZnX=3ke'
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Slbrhce@317418';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#这里密码策略要求密码至少包含一个大写字母、一个小写字母、一位数字和一个特殊字符，密码总长度至少为8个字符
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

数据库卸载

[root@redhat9-1 ~]# dnf remove mysql-server -y
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# dnf remove  mysql80-community-release -y
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/  /var/log/mysqld.log

数据库登录

登录数据库

连接本地数据库

[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysql -u用户名 -p密码 -P端口号 -D 数据库名 -h localhost

远程登录数据库

[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysql -uroot -pSlbrhce@317418
mysql>
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
​
mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
#'%'表示所有IP
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| root             | %         |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
​
mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysql -uroot -pSlbrhce@317418 -P3306 -D mysql -h 192.168.2.138
mysql>

修改密码

可以登录的情况下修改密码

1.使用mysqladmin

[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password 'xxx'

2.使用alter语句

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxx';

3.使用set password

mysql> set password for root@localhost='xxx';

4.使用update语句清除密码

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

忘记密码的情况下更改密码

1.

[root@redhat9-1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysqld --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables
#指定用户，指定登录免密
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysql
mysql> flush privileges;
#刷新权限
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'xxx';
#修改密码
mysql> exit
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# killall mysqld
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld

2.

[root@redhat9-1 ~]# vim /tmp/mysql-init
alter user root@localhost identified by 'xxx';
#写一条更改密码的命令
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# mysqld --init-file=/tmp/mysql-init --user=mysql &
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# killall  mysqld
[root@redhat9-1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld