XML建模

1、什么叫XML建模

将XML配置文件中的元素、属性、文本信息转换成对象的过程叫做XML建模。

2、XML建模

1）根据XML配置文件元素节点创建元素节点实体类(ConfigModel、ActionModel、ForwardModel)

2)利用dom4j+xpath技术实现XML建模(ConfigModelFactory)

DTD约束：由XML的根节点往里建立约束

XML建模：由最里层节点往根节点进行建模，一个元素节点代表一个实体类

3、思路

1）xml文件config.xml

config.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE config[
	<!ELEMENT config (action*)>
	<!ELEMENT action (forward*)>
	<!ELEMENT forward EMPTY>
	<!ATTLIST action 
		path CDATA #REQUIRED
		type CDATA #REQUIRED
	>
	<!ATTLIST forward
		name CDATA #REQUIRED
		path CDATA #REQUIRED
		redirect (true|false) "false"
	>
]>
	<!--
		config标签:可以包含0~N个action标签
	-->
<config>
	<!--
		action标签:可以饱含0~N个forward标签
		path:以/开头的字符串,并且值必须唯一 非空
		type:字符串,非空
	-->
	<action path="/regAction" type="test.RegAction">
		<!--
			forward标签:没有子标签; 
			name:字符串,同一action标签下的forward标签name值不能相同 ;
			path:以/开头的字符串
			redirect:只能是false|true,允许空,默认值为false
		-->
		<forward name="failed" path="/reg.jsp" redirect="false" />
		<forward name="success" path="/login.jsp" redirect="true" />
	</action>

	<action path="/loginAction" type="test.LoginAction">
		<forward name="failed" path="/login.jsp" redirect="false" />
		<forward name="success" path="/main.jsp" redirect="true" />
	</action>
</config>

2)根据XML中元素节点情况（DTD）来定义ConfigModel、ActionModel、ForwardModel对象模型

ForwardModel类：forward下无子节点，有节点属性

package com.zking.xmlModel.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
/**
 * forward
 * 对应config.xml中forward节点所建立的建模实体类
 * <forward>——>ForwardModel
 * @author zjjt
 *
 */
public class ForwardModel implements Serializable{
	private String name;
	private String path;
	private boolean redirect;
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getPath() {
		return path;
	}
	public void setPath(String path) {
		this.path = path;
	}
	public boolean isRedirect() {
		return redirect;
	}
	public void setRedirect(boolean redirect) {
		this.redirect = redirect;
	}
	public ForwardModel() {
		super();
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "ForwardModel [name=" + name + ", path=" + path + ", redirect=" + redirect + "]";
	}
}

ActionModel类：节点下有多个forward节点（0~N个），有节点属性

package com.zking.xmlModel.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * config节点
 * 对应config.xml中config节点所建立的建模实体类
 * <config>——>ConfigModel
 * 包含关系：ConfigModel->ActionModel->FoewardModel(0~N)
 * @author zjjt
 *
 */
public class ConfigModel implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * key:代表action节点本身的path属性，唯一
	 * value:代表action节点本身
	 */
	private Map<String,ActionModel> actions=new HashMap<>();
	public void push(ActionModel action) {
		actions.put(action.getPath(), action);
	}
	public ActionModel get(String path) {
		return actions.get(path);
	}
}

ConfigModel类：有多个action节点，无节点属性，根节点

package com.zking.xmlModel.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * action节点
 * 对应config.xml中action节点所建立的建模实体类
 * <action>——>ActionModel
 * 包含关系：ActionModel->FoewardModel(0~N)
 * @author zjjt
 *
 */
public class ActionModel implements Serializable {
	private String path;
	private String type;
	/**
	 * key:代表forword节点本身的name属性，唯一
	 * value:代表forward节点本身
	 */
	private Map<String,ForwardModel> forwards=new HashMap<>();
	//存值
	public void push(ForwardModel forward) {
		forwards.put(forward.getName(), forward);
	}
	//取值
	public ForwardModel get(String name) {
		return forwards.get(name);
	}
	public String getPath() {
		return path;
	}
	public void setPath(String path) {
		this.path = path;
	}
	public String getType() {
		return type;
	}
	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}
	public ActionModel() {
		super();
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "ActionModel [path=" + path + ", type=" + type + "]";
	}
}

3）使用Map集合存放子节点元素，其中key为子节点唯一属性，value为整个子节点对象

ActionModel:存在包含关系

/**
	 * key:代表forword节点本身的name属性，唯一
	 * value:代表forward节点本身
	 */
	private Map<String,ForwardModel> forwards=new HashMap<>();

ConfigModel:存在包含关系

/**
	 * key:代表action节点本身的path属性，唯一
	 * value:代表action节点本身
	 */
	private Map<String,ActionModel> actions=new HashMap<>();

4）利用工厂模式+dom4j+xpath配置文件

package com.zking.xmlModel.util;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import com.zking.xmlModel.entity.ActionModel;
import com.zking.xmlModel.entity.ConfigModel;
import com.zking.xmlModel.entity.ForwardModel;

public class ConfigModelFactory {
	public static final String DEFAULT_PATH="/config.xml";
	private ConfigModelFactory() {}
	public static ConfigModel createConfigModel() {
		return createConfigModel(DEFAULT_PATH);
	}
	public static ConfigModel createConfigModel(String path) {
		ConfigModel configModel=new ConfigModel();
		ActionModel actionModel=null;
		ForwardModel forwardModel=null;
		//目标：使用dom4j+xpath技术实现XML解析建模操作
		try {
			//1.获取文件输入流
			InputStream is =ConfigModelFactory.class.getResourceAsStream(path);
//			System.out.println(is);
			//2.创建SAXReader对象
			SAXReader saxReader=new SAXReader();
			//3.读取文件输入流并转成Document对象
			//注：Document包含整个XML中元素，属性以及文本信息
			Document doc=saxReader.read(is);
			//4.解析XML
			//注意
			//1)获取多个节点：selectNodes
			//2)获取单个节点:selectSingleNodes
			List<Node> actionNodes = doc.selectNodes("/config/action");
			//5.循环换遍历action
			for (Node action : actionNodes) {
				//6.将action节点转换成元素节点(<action>)
				Element actionElem=(Element) action;
				//7.获取action节点的所有属性信息(path,type)
				String actionPath = actionElem.attributeValue("path");
				String actionType = actionElem.attributeValue("type");
				//8.初始化ActionModel
				actionModel=new ActionModel();
				actionModel.setPath(actionPath);
				actionModel.setType(actionType);
				//9.获取action下的所有forward节点（0~N）
				List<Node> forwadrNodes = actionElem.selectNodes("forward");
				//10.循环遍历forward
				for (Node forward : forwadrNodes) {
					//11.将forward节点转换成元素节点(<forward>)
					Element forwardElem=(Element) forward;
					//12.获取forward节点中的所有属性（name,path以及redirect）
					String forwardName = forwardElem.attributeValue("name");
					String forwardPath= forwardElem.attributeValue("path");
					String forwardRedirect = forwardElem.attributeValue("redirect");
					//13.初始化ForwardModel
					forwardModel=new ForwardModel();
					forwardModel.setName(forwardName);
					forwardModel.setPath(forwardPath);
					forwardModel.setRedirect(Boolean.parseBoolean(forwardRedirect));
					//14.将forwardModel存到对应的actionModel下
					actionModel.push(forwardModel);
				}
				//15.将actionModel存入到configModel下
				configModel.push(actionModel);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return configModel;
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ConfigModel configModel = ConfigModelFactory.createConfigModel();
		//获取到config节点下的action节点的path属性等于/loginAction的节点对象
		ActionModel actionModel = configModel.get("/loginAction");
		System.out.println("path="+actionModel.getPath());
		System.out.println("type="+actionModel.getType());
		//获取action节点下的forward节点的name属性等于sucess
		ForwardModel forwardModel=actionModel.get("success");
		System.out.println("name="+forwardModel.getName());
		System.out.println("path="+forwardModel.getPath());
		System.out.println("redirect="+forwardModel.isRedirect());
	}
}

需要的jar包：

 总结：

灵活应用嵌套，最后调用方法！！！