自己看的文章

import requests
from lxml import etree
import json
from queue import Queue
import threading


class Qiubai:
    def __init__(self):
        self.headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_5) AppleWeb\
            Kit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36"}
        self.url_queue = Queue()  # 实例化三个队列，用来存放内容
        self.html_queue = Queue()
        self.content_queue = Queue()

    def get_total_url(self):
        '''
        获取了所有的页面url，并且返回urllist
        return ：list
        '''
        url_temp = 'https://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/'
        url_list = []
        for i in range(1, 36):
            # url_list.append(url_temp.format(i))
            self.url_queue.put(url_temp.format(i))

    def parse_url(self):
        '''
        一个发送请求，获取响应，同时etree处理html
        '''
        while self.url_queue.not_empty:
            url = self.url_queue.get()
            print("parsing url:", url)
            response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=10)  # 发送请求
            html = response.content.decode()  # 获取html字符串
            html = etree.HTML(html)  # 获取element 类型的html
            self.html_queue.put(html)
            self.url_queue.task_done()

    def get_content(self):
        '''
        :param url:
        :return: 一个list，包含一个url对应页面的所有段子的所有内容的列表
        '''
        while self.html_queue.not_empty:
            html = self.html_queue.get()
            total_div = html.xpath('//div[@class="article block untagged mb15"]')  # 返回divelememtn的一个列表
            items = []
            for i in total_div:  # 遍历div标枪，获取糗事百科每条的内容的全部信息
                author_img = i.xpath('./div[@class="author clearfix"]/a[1]/img/@src')
                author_img = "https:" + author_img[0] if len(author_img) > 0 else None
                author_name = i.xpath('./div[@class="author clearfix"]/a[2]/h2/text()')
                author_name = author_name[0] if len(author_name) > 0 else None
                author_href = i.xpath('./div[@class="author clearfix"]/a[1]/@href')
                author_href = "https://www.qiushibaike.com" + author_href[0] if len(author_href) > 0 else None
                author_gender = i.xpath('./div[@class="author clearfix"]//div/@class')
                author_gender = author_gender[0].split(" ")[-1].replace("Icon", "") if len(author_gender) > 0 else None
                author_age = i.xpath('./div[@class="author clearfix"]//div/text()')
                author_age = author_age[0] if len(author_age) > 0 else None
                item = dict(
                    author_name=author_name,
                    author_img=author_img,
                    author_href=author_href,
                    author_gender=author_gender,
                    author_age=author_age,
                )
                items.append(item)

            self.content_queue.put(items)
            self.html_queue.task_done()  # task_done的时候，队列计数减一

    def save_items(self):
        '''
        保存items
        :param items:列表
        '''
        while self.content_queue.not_empty:
            items = self.content_queue.get()
            f = open("qiubai.txt", "a")
            for i in items:
                json.dump(i, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
                # f.write(json.dumps(i))
            f.close()
            self.content_queue.task_done()

    def run(self):
        # 1.获取url list
        # url_list = self.get_total_url()
        thread_list = []
        thread_url = threading.Thread(target=self.get_total_url)
        thread_list.append(thread_url)

        # 发送网络请求
        for i in range(10):
            thread_parse = threading.Thread(target=self.parse_url)
            thread_list.append(thread_parse)
        # 提取数据
        thread_get_content = threading.Thread(target=self.get_content)
        thread_list.append(thread_get_content)
        # 保存
        thread_save = threading.Thread(target=self.save_items)
        thread_list.append(thread_save)
        for t in thread_list:
            t.setDaemon(True)  # 为每个进程设置为后台进程，效果是主进程退出子进程也会退出
            t.start()  # 为了解决程序结束无法退出的问题
        #
        # for t in thread_list:
        #     t.join()

        self.url_queue.join()  # 让主线程等待，所有的队列为空的时候才能退出
        self.html_queue.join()
        self.content_queue.join()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    qiubai = Qiubai()
    qiubai.run()