maxscale实现读写分离

maxscale实现读写分离

环境说明：

数据库角色	IP	应用与系统版本	有无数据
master	192.168.159.141	rocky linux9.3 mysql-8.0.35	无数据
slave	192.168.159.147	rocky linux9.3 mysql-8.0.35	无数据
maxscale	192.168.159.135	rocky linux9.3 maxscale23.08.4-GA
slave2	192.168.159.137	rocky linux9.3 mysql-8.0.35

mysql安装

分别在主从三台服务器上安装mysql-8.0.35版本，此处略过安装步骤。

maxscale安装

去官网先下载yum源
[root@maxscale ~]# curl -LsS https://r.mariadb.com/downloads/mariadb_repo_setup | sudo bash
# [info] Checking for script prerequisites.
# [info] MariaDB Server version 11.2 is valid
# [info] Repository file successfully written to /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
# [info] Adding trusted package signing keys...
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg ~
~
# [info] Successfully added trusted package signing keys
# [info] Cleaning package cache...
25 files removed
[root@maxscale ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
mariadb.repo  rocky-addons.repo  rocky-devel.repo  rocky-extras.repo  rocky.repo
安装maxscale
[root@maxscale ~]# yum -y install maxscale

登录到主库

[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot -pcjy123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 8.0.35 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
创建maxscale用户密码是maxscale
mysql> CREATE USER 'maxscale'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'maxscale';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
授权maxscale可以查询所有数据库
mysql> GRANT SELECT ON mysql.* TO 'maxscale'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
授权可以看所有数据库
mysql> GRANT SHOW DATABASES ON *.* TO 'maxscale'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
创建admin用户可以在maxscale上登录
mysql> CREATE USER 'admin'@'192.168.159.135' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

在maxscale上安装mysql

[root@maxscale ~]# yum -y install mysql
[root@maxscale ~]# which mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
登录到master
[root@maxscale ~]# mysql -uadmin -padmin -h192.168.159.141
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 8.0.35 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
因为没有权限所以只能看到两个数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

回到master主库设置增删改查权限

mysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON *.* TO 'admin'@'192.168.159.135';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在master主库上授权真机有增删改查权限

mysql> CREATE USER 'admin'@'192.168.137.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON *.* TO 'admin'@'192.168.137.1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

在maxscale上修改配置文件

[root@maxscale ~]# vim /etc/maxscale.cnf
先看有无这个
[maxscale]
threads=auto

修改后端服务器地址
[server1]
type=server
address=192.168.159.141
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend

[server2]
type=server
address=192.168.159.137
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend

[server3]
type=server
address=192.168.159.147
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend

配置监控
[MySQL-Monitor]
type=monitor
module=mariadbmon
servers=server1,server2,server3
user=monitor
password=monitor
monitor_interval=2s

注释掉只读配置
#[Read-Only-Service]
#type=service
#router=readconnroute
#servers=server1
#user=service_user
#password=service_pw
#router_options=slave

修改读写分离服务培训
[Read-Write-Service]
type=service
router=readwritesplit
servers=server1,server2,server3
user=maxscale
password=maxscale

配置listener
注释掉只读
#[Read-Only-Listener]
#type=listener
#service=Read-Only-Service
#protocol=mariadbprotocol
#port=4008
修改读写分离
[Read-Write-Listener]
type=listener
service=Read-Write-Service
protocol=mariadbprotocol
port=3306 (伪装成数据库端口3306)

切换到主库创建monitor用户

mysql> CREATE USER 'monitor'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'monitor';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
再添加授权
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to 'monitor'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE on *.* to 'monitor'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> GRANT SUPER,RELOAD on *.* to 'monitor'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

启动服务

[root@maxscale ~]# systemctl start maxscale

查看端口

[root@maxscale ~]# ss -antl
State     Recv-Q    Send-Q       Local Address:Port       Peer Address:Port   Process    
LISTEN    0         4096             127.0.0.1:8989            0.0.0.0:*                 
LISTEN    0         128                0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*                 
LISTEN    0         4096                     *:3306                  *:*                 
LISTEN    0         128                   [::]:22                 [::]:*                 
[root@maxscale ~]# ss -antlp
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q          Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port     Process                                                                                  
LISTEN     0          4096                127.0.0.1:8989                0.0.0.0:*         users:(("maxscale",pid=15450,fd=19))                                                    
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*         users:(("sshd",pid=792,fd=3))                                                           
LISTEN     0          4096                        *:3306                      *:*         users:(("maxscale",pid=15450,fd=27))                                                    
LISTEN     0          128                      [::]:22                     [::]:*         users:(("sshd",pid=792,fd=4))                                                           

查看有哪些服务

[root@maxscale ~]# maxctrl list services
┌────────────────────┬────────────────┬─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────────────┐
│ Service            │ Router         │ Connections │ Total Connections │ Targets                   │
├────────────────────┼────────────────┼─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────────────┤
│ Read-Write-Service │ readwritesplit │ 0           │ 0                 │ server1, server2, server3 │
└────────────────────┴────────────────┴─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────────────┘

查看后台服务器有哪些

[root@maxscale ~]# maxctrl list servers
┌─────────┬─────────────────┬──────┬─────────────┬─────────────────┬──────┬───────────────┐
│ Server  │ Address         │ Port │ Connections │ State           │ GTID │ Monitor       │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼──────┼─────────────┼─────────────────┼──────┼───────────────┤
│ server1 │ 192.168.159.141 │ 3306 │ 0           │ Master, Running │      │ MySQL-Monitor │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼──────┼─────────────┼─────────────────┼──────┼───────────────┤
│ server2 │ 192.168.159.137 │ 3306 │ 0           │ Slave, Running  │      │ MySQL-Monitor │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼──────┼─────────────┼─────────────────┼──────┼───────────────┤
│ server3 │ 192.168.159.147 │ 3306 │ 0           │ Slave, Running  │      │ MySQL-Monitor │
└─────────┴─────────────────┴──────┴─────────────┴─────────────────┴──────┴───────────────┘

测试

用客户机连接maxscale
user：admin
pw：admin
会发现进行读操作时，是在slave的从数据库上执行
在进行写操作时，是在master主数据库上执行