MyBatis级联一对一与一对多

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已于 2023-03-29 18:48:17 修改

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文章标签： mybatis 数据库 java

于 2023-03-19 21:00:00 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_65824274/article/details/129651199

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级联

MyBatis 的级联分为3 种:
鉴别器(discriminator)：它是一个根据某些条件决定采用具体实现类的级联，比如根据角色是否可用来决定是否展示权限。
一对一(association)：比如公民和身份证，学生和学号都是一种一对一的级联关系。一对多(collection):比如用户和订单，部门和员工都是一对多的级联关系。
对于多对多级联关系，在 MyBatis 中是没有专门的元素来表示的。这也比较好理解，因为多对多关系，比如用户和角色关系，在实际工作中都是拆分成两个一对多来关联。

1.在数据库中创建部门表dept和员工表emp

#部门表
drop table if exists dept;
create table dept(
	did int primary key,
	dname varchar(20),
	dinfo varchar(50)
);

insert into dept values(101,'市场部','负责公司市场的开拓');
insert into dept values(102,'产品部','负责公司产品的营销');
insert into dept values(103,'研发部','负责公司产品的研发');
insert into dept values(104,'测试部','负责公司产品的测试');

select * from dept;

#员工表
drop table if exists emp;
create table emp(
	eid int primary key auto_increment,
	ename varchar(20),
	job varchar(20),
	sal double,
	phone varchar(11),
	address varchar(50),
	did int
);

insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('赵德保','市场专员',4600,'15785642139','信阳',101);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('刘瑞琳','市场经理',7600,'17956248563','商丘',101);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('张翠萍','产品设计师',5800,'15821563548','郑州',102);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('刘长河','产品经理',9800,'15821563548','洛阳',102);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('李耀菲','开发工程师',8800,'13658942168','许昌',103);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('王长林','项目经理',15800,'13954865721','南阳',103);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('陈清泰','测试工程师',5300,'13785463249','周口',104);
insert into emp(ename,job,sal,phone,address,did) values('杨国华','测试经理',9800,'13785463249','驻马店',104);

select * from emp;
select * from emp inner join dept on emp.did=dept.did;

2.在idea中创建项目并导入jar包，配置核心配置文件；

一对一

外部文件

日志打印

核心配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="log4j"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.zhan.bean"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <environments default="mysql">
        <environment id="mysql">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.zhan.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

部门表dept的接口与映射

public interface DeptDao {
    Dept selectByDid(int did);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhan.dao.DeptDao">
    <select id="selectByDid" parameterType="int" resultType="dept">
        select * from dept where did = #{did};
    </select>
</mapper>

员工表emp的接口与映射

public interface EmpDao {
    Emp selectByEid(int eid);
}

association标签配置一对一级联

property:对应实体类中的属性名名，必填项。

javaType:属性对应的Java类型

resultMap:可以直接使用现有的 resultMap，而不需要在这里配置。

方式一

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhan.dao.EmpDao">
    <!--定义手动映射关系:数据库中字段和类的属性的映射 -->
    <resultMap id="empMap" type="emp">
        <id property="eid" column="eid"/>
        <result property="ename" column="ename"/>
        <result property="job" column="job"/>
        <result property="sal" column="sal"/>
        <result property="phone" column="phone"/>
        <result property="address" column="address"/>
        <!--一对一的映射配置assocation:手动映射配置emp中dept对象中的属性和表字段的对应关系 -->
        <association property="dept" javaType="dept">
            <id property="did" column="did"/>
            <result property="dname" column="dname"/>
            <result property="dinfo" column="dinfo"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="selectByEid" parameterType="int" resultMap="empMap">
        select * from emp inner join dept on emp.did=dept.did where eid = #{eid};
    </select>
</mapper>

方式二

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhan.dao.EmpDao">
    <!--定义手动映射关系:数据库中字段和类的属性的映射 -->
    <resultMap id="empMap" type="emp">
        <id property="eid" column="eid"/>
        <result property="ename" column="ename"/>
        <result property="job" column="job"/>
        <result property="sal" column="sal"/>
        <result property="phone" column="phone"/>
        <result property="address" column="address"/>
        <!--一对一的映射配置assocation:自动根据did关联查询对应的Dept表 -->
        <association column="did" select="com.zhan.dao.DeptDao.selectByDid" property="dept">
        </association>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="selectByEid" parameterType="int" resultMap="empMap">
        select * from emp where eid = #{eid};
    </select>
</mapper>

测试类

public class EmpTest {
    InputStream stream = null;
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = null;
    SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
    SqlSession sqlSession = null;
    EmpDao empDao = null;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        stream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
        builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        factory = builder.build(stream);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        empDao = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpDao.class);
    }
    @Test
    public void testSelectByEid(){
        Emp emp = empDao.selectByEid(1);
        System.out.println(emp);
    }


    @After
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        stream.close();
    }
}

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一对多

员工表emp的接口与映射

public interface EmpDao {
    Emp selectByEid(int eid);
    List<Emp> selectByDid(int did);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhan.dao.EmpDao">
    <select id="selectByEid" parameterType="int" resultType="emp">
        select * from emp where eid = #{eid};
    </select>
    <select id="selectByDid" parameterType="int" resultType="emp">
         select * from emp where did = #{did};
    </select>
</mapper>

部门表dept的接口与映射

public interface DeptDao {
    List<Dept> selectAll();
    Dept selectByDid(int did);
}

collection标签配置一对多级联

方式一

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhan.dao.DeptDao">
    <resultMap id="deptMap" type="dept">
        <result property="did" column="did"/>
        <result property="dname" column="dname"/>
        <result property="dinfo" column="dinfo"/>
        <!--配置一对多关系 ：自动关联查询-->
        <collection property="emps" ofType="emp">
            <result property="eid" column="eid"/>
            <result property="ename" column="ename"/>
            <result property="job" column="job"/>
            <result property="sal" column="sal"/>
            <result property="phone" column="phone"/>
            <result property="address" column="address"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="selectByDid" parameterType="int" resultMap="deptMap">
        select * from dept inner join emp on dept.did=emp.did where dept.did = #{did};
    </select>
</mapper>

方式二

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhan.dao.DeptDao">
    <resultMap id="deptMap" type="dept">
        <result property="did" column="did"/>
        <result property="dname" column="dname"/>
        <result property="dinfo" column="dinfo"/>
        <!--配置一对多关系 ：自动根据did去关联查询emp表中该did的信息-->
        <collection column="did" select="com.zhan.dao.EmpDao.selectByDid" property="emps">
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="selectByDid" parameterType="int" resultMap="deptMap">
        select * from dept where did = #{did};
    </select>
    <select id="selectAll" resultMap="deptMap">
        select * from dept;
    </select>
</mapper>

测试类

public class DeptTest {
    InputStream stream = null;
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = null;
    SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
    SqlSession sqlSession = null;
    DeptDao deptDao = null;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        stream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
        builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        factory = builder.build(stream);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        deptDao = sqlSession.getMapper(DeptDao.class);
    }


    @Test
    public void testSelectByDid(){
        Dept dept = deptDao.selectByDid(101);
        System.out.println(dept);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSelectAll(){
        List<Dept> deptList = deptDao.selectAll();
        for (Dept dept : deptList) {
            System.out.println(dept);
        }
    }
    
    @After
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        stream.close();
    }
}

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