i2c驱动APP

一.查看i2c源代码

24cXX.h

/**************************************************************************

 copyright : (C) by 2003-2004 Stefano Barbato

 email : stefano@codesink.org

   $Id: 24cXX.h,v 1.6 2004/02/29 11:05:28 tat Exp $

 ***************************************************************************/

 

/***************************************************************************

 * *

 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *

 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *

 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *

 * (at your option) any later version. *

 * *

 ***************************************************************************/

#ifndef _24CXX_H_

#define _24CXX_H_

#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>

#include <linux/i2c.h>

#define EEPROM_TYPE_UNKNOWN 0

#define EEPROM_TYPE_8BIT_ADDR 1

#define EEPROM_TYPE_16BIT_ADDR 2

struct eeprom

{

 char *dev; // device file i.e. /dev/i2c-N

 int addr; // i2c address

 int fd; // file descriptor

 int type; // eeprom type

};

/*

 * opens the eeprom device at [dev_fqn] (i.e. /dev/i2c-N) whose address is

 * [addr] and set the eeprom_24c32 [e]

 */

int eeprom_open(char *dev_fqn, int addr, int type, struct eeprom*);

/*

 * closees the eeprom device [e] 

 */

int eeprom_close(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct);

/*

 * read and returns the eeprom byte at memory address [mem_addr] 

 * Note: eeprom must have been selected by ioctl(fd,I2C_SLAVE,address) 

 */

int eeprom_read_byte(struct eeprom* eeprom_device_struct, __u16 mem_addr);

/*

 * read the current byte

 * Note: eeprom must have been selected by ioctl(fd,I2C_SLAVE,address) 

 */

int eeprom_read_current_byte(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct);

/*

 * writes [data] at memory address [mem_addr] 

 * Note: eeprom must have been selected by ioctl(fd,I2C_SLAVE,address) 

 */

int eeprom_write_byte(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, __u16 mem_addr, __u8 data);

#endif

24cXX.c

/***************************************************************************

    copyright : (C) by 2003-2004 Stefano Barbato

    email : stefano@codesink.org

 

    $Id: 24cXX.h,v 1.6 2004/02/29 11:05:28 tat Exp $

 

 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *

 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *

 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *

 * (at your option) any later version. *

 * *

 ***************************************************************************/

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include <assert.h>

#include <string.h>

#include "24cXX.h"

 

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_access(int file, 

    char read_write, 

    __u8 command,                                  

    int size, 

    union i2c_smbus_data *data)

{

 struct i2c_smbus_ioctl_data args;

 

 args.read_write = read_write;

 args.command = command;

 args.size = size;

 args.data = data;

 return ioctl(file,I2C_SMBUS,&args);

}

 

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_quick(int file, __u8 value)

{

 return i2c_smbus_access(file,value,0,I2C_SMBUS_QUICK,NULL);

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte(int file)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,0,I2C_SMBUS_BYTE,&data))

  return -1;

 else

  return 0x0FF & data.byte;

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_byte(int file, __u8 value)

{

 return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,value,

                         I2C_SMBUS_BYTE,NULL);

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(int file, __u8 command)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,

                      I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA,&data))

  return -1;

 else

  return 0x0FF & data.byte;

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(int file, __u8 command, 

                                              __u8 value)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 data.byte = value;

 return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,

                         I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA, &data);

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_word_data(int file, __u8 command)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,

                      I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA,&data))

  return -1;

 else

  return 0x0FFFF & data.word;

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_word_data(int file, __u8 command, 

                                              __u16 value)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 data.word = value;

 return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,

                         I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA, &data);

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_process_call(int file, __u8 command, __u16 value)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 data.word = value;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,

                      I2C_SMBUS_PROC_CALL,&data))

  return -1;

 else

  return 0x0FFFF & data.word;

}

 

 

/* Returns the number of read bytes */

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_block_data(int file, __u8 command, 

                                              __u8 *values)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 int i;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,

                      I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_DATA,&data))

  return -1;

 else {

  for (i = 1; i <= data.block[0]; i++)

   values[i-1] = data.block[i];

  return data.block[0];

 }

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_block_data(int file, __u8 command, 

                                               __u8 length, __u8 *values)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 int order;

 if (length > 32)

  length = 32;

 for (order = 1; order <= length; order++)

  data.block[order] = values[order-1];

 data.block[0] = length;

 return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,

                         I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_DATA, &data);

}

 

/* Returns the number of read bytes */

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data(int file, __u8 command,

                                                  __u8 *values)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 int order;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,

                       I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA,&data))

  return -1;

 else {

  for (order = 1; order <= data.block[0]; order++)

   values[order-1] = data.block[order];

  return data.block[0];

 }

}

 

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_i2c_block_data(int file, __u8 command,

                                               __u8 length, __u8 *values)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 int order;

 if (length > 32)

  length = 32;

 for (order = 1; order <= length; order++)

  data.block[order] = values[order-1];

 data.block[0] = length;

 return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,

                         I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA, &data);

}

 

/* Returns the number of read bytes */

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_block_process_call(int file, __u8 command,

                                                 __u8 length, __u8 *values)

{

 union i2c_smbus_data data;

 int order;

 if (length > 32)

  length = 32;

 for (order = 1; order <= length; order++)

  data.block[order] = values[order-1];

 data.block[0] = length;

 if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,

                      I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_PROC_CALL,&data))

  return -1;

 else {

  for (order = 1; order <= data.block[0]; order++)

   values[order-1] = data.block[order];

  return data.block[0];

 }

}

 

static int i2c_write_1b(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, __u8 buf)

{

 int return_value;

 // we must simulate a plain I2C byte write with SMBus functions

 return_value = i2c_smbus_write_byte(eeprom_device_struct->fd, buf);

 if(return_value < 0)

  fprintf(stderr, "Error i2c_write_1b: %s\n", strerror(errno));

 usleep(10);

 return return_value;

}

 

static int i2c_write_2b(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, __u8 buf[2])

{

 int return_value;

 // we must simulate a plain I2C byte write with SMBus functions

 return_value = i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(eeprom_device_struct->fd, buf[0], buf[1]);

 if(return_value < 0)

  fprintf(stderr, "Error i2c_write_2b: %s\n", strerror(errno));

 usleep(10);

 return return_value;

}

 

static int i2c_write_3b(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, __u8 buf[3])

{

 int return_value;

 // we must simulate a plain I2C byte write with SMBus functions

 // the __u16 data field will be byte swapped by the SMBus protocol

 return_value = i2c_smbus_write_word_data(eeprom_device_struct->fd, buf[0], buf[2] << 8 | buf[1]);

 if(return_value < 0)

  fprintf(stderr, "Error i2c_write_3b: %s\n", strerror(errno));

 usleep(10);

 return return_value;

}

 

 

#define CHECK_I2C_FUNC( var, label ) \

 do { if(0 == (var & label)) { \

  fprintf(stderr, "\nError: " \

   #label " function is required. Program halted.\n\n"); \

  exit(1); } \

 } while(0);

 

int eeprom_open(char *dev_fqn, int addr, int type, struct eeprom* eeprom_device_struct)

{

 int funcs, fd, return_value;

 eeprom_device_struct->fd = eeprom_device_struct->addr = 0;

 eeprom_device_struct->dev = 0;

 

 fd = open(dev_fqn, O_RDWR);

 if(fd <= 0)

 {

  fprintf(stderr, "Error eeprom_open: %s\n", strerror(errno));

  return -1;

 }

 

 // get funcs list

 if((return_value = ioctl(fd, I2C_FUNCS, &funcs) < 0))

 {

  fprintf(stderr, "Error eeprom_open: %s\n", strerror(errno));

  return -1;

 }

 

 

 // check for req funcs

 CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE );

 CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE );

 CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE_DATA );

 CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE_DATA );

 CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_WORD_DATA );

 CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_WORD_DATA );

 

 // set working device

 if( ( return_value = ioctl(fd, I2C_SLAVE, addr)) < 0)

 {

  fprintf(stderr, "Error eeprom_open: %s\n", strerror(errno));

  return -1;

 }

 eeprom_device_struct->fd = fd;

 eeprom_device_struct->addr = addr;

 eeprom_device_struct->dev = dev_fqn;

 eeprom_device_struct->type = type;

 return 0;

}

 

int eeprom_close(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct)

{

 close(eeprom_device_struct->fd);

 eeprom_device_struct->fd = -1;

 eeprom_device_struct->dev = 0;

 eeprom_device_struct->type = EEPROM_TYPE_UNKNOWN;

 return 0;

}

 

#if 0

int eeprom_24c32_write_byte(struct eeprom *e, __u16 mem_addr, __u8 data)

{

 __u8 buf[3] = { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x00ff, mem_addr & 0x00ff, data };

 return i2c_write_3b(e, buf);

}

 

 

int eeprom_24c32_read_current_byte(struct eeprom* e)

{

 ioctl(e->fd, BLKFLSBUF); // clear kernel read buffer

 return i2c_smbus_read_byte(e->fd);

}

 

int eeprom_24c32_read_byte(struct eeprom* e, __u16 mem_addr)

{

 int r;

 ioctl(e->fd, BLKFLSBUF); // clear kernel read buffer

 __u8 buf[2] = { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x0ff, mem_addr & 0x0ff };

 r = i2c_write_2b(e, buf);

 if (r < 0)

  return r;

 r = i2c_smbus_read_byte(e->fd);

 return r;

}

#endif

 

 

int eeprom_read_current_byte(struct eeprom* eeprom_device_struct)

{

 ioctl(eeprom_device_struct->fd, BLKFLSBUF); // clear kernel read buffer

 return i2c_smbus_read_byte(eeprom_device_struct->fd);

}

 

int eeprom_read_byte(struct eeprom* eeprom_device_struct, __u16 mem_addr)

{

 int return_value;

 ioctl(eeprom_device_struct->fd, BLKFLSBUF); // clear kernel read buffer

 if(eeprom_device_struct->type == EEPROM_TYPE_8BIT_ADDR)

 {

  __u8 buf = mem_addr & 0x0ff;

  return_value = i2c_write_1b(eeprom_device_struct, buf);

 } else if(eeprom_device_struct->type == EEPROM_TYPE_16BIT_ADDR) {

  __u8 buf[2] = { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x0ff, mem_addr & 0x0ff };

  return_value = i2c_write_2b(eeprom_device_struct, buf);

 } else {

  fprintf(stderr, "ERR: unknown eeprom type\n");

  return -1;

 }

 if (return_value < 0)

  return return_value;

 return_value = i2c_smbus_read_byte(eeprom_device_struct->fd);

 return return_value;

}

 

int eeprom_write_byte(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, __u16 mem_addr, __u8 data)

{

 if(eeprom_device_struct->type == EEPROM_TYPE_8BIT_ADDR) {

  __u8 buf[2] = { mem_addr & 0x00ff, data };

  return i2c_write_2b(eeprom_device_struct, buf);

 } else if(eeprom_device_struct->type == EEPROM_TYPE_16BIT_ADDR) {

  __u8 buf[3] = 

   { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x00ff, mem_addr & 0x00ff, data };

  return i2c_write_3b(eeprom_device_struct, buf);

 } 

 fprintf(stderr, "ERR: unknown eeprom type\n");

 return -1;

}

eeprog.c

/***************************************************************************

    copyright : (C) by 2009 Guangzhou FriendlyaRM, in China

    email : capbily@163.com

    website : arm9.net

 ***************************************************************************/

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <getopt.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include "24cXX.h"

 

#define DEVICE_FILE_STRING "/dev/i2c-0"

#define DEVICE_ADDRESS 0x50

 

#define usage_if(a) do { do_usage_if( a , __LINE__); } while(0);

void do_usage_if(int b, int line) {

 const static char *eeprog_usage = 

  "I2C-24C08(256 bytes) Read/Write Program, ONLY FOR TEST!\n"

  "FriendlyARM Computer Tech. 2009\n";

 if(!b)

  return;

 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n[line %d]\n", eeprog_usage, line);

 exit(1);

}

 

 

#define die_if(a, msg) do { do_die_if( a , msg, __LINE__); } while(0);

void do_die_if(int b, char* msg, int line) {

 if(!b)

  return;

 fprintf(stderr, "Error at line %d: %s\n", line, msg);

 fprintf(stderr, " sysmsg: %s\n", strerror(errno));

 exit(1);

}

 

 

static int read_from_eeprom(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, int addr, int size) {

 int ch, index;

 for(index = 0; index < size; ++index, ++addr) {

  die_if((ch = eeprom_read_byte(eeprom_device_struct, addr)) < 0, "read error");

  if( (index % 16) == 0 ) 

   printf("\n %.4x| ", addr);

  else if( (index % 8) == 0 ) 

   printf(" ");

  printf("%.2x ", ch);

  fflush(stdout);

 }

 fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");

 return 0;

}

 

static int write_to_eeprom(struct eeprom *eeprom_device_struct, int addr) {

 int index;

 for(index=0, addr=0; index<256; index++, addr++) {

  if( (index % 16) == 0 ) 

   printf("\n %.4x| ", addr);

  else if( (index % 8) == 0 ) 

   printf(" ");

  printf("%.2x ", index);

  fflush(stdout);

  die_if(eeprom_write_byte(eeprom_device_struct, addr, index), "write error");

 }

 fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");

 return 0;

}

 

int main(int argc, char** argv) {

 struct eeprom eeprom_device_struct;

 int op;

 

 op = 0;

 

 usage_if(argc != 2 || argv[1][0] != '-' || argv[1][2] != '\0');

 op = argv[1][1];

 

 //TODO: 将数字改为自己的学号。

 write(STDOUT_FILENO, "APP for 201930310056 ...\n", strlen("APP for 201930310056 ...\n"));

 fprintf(stderr, "Open %s with 8bit mode\n", DEVICE_FILE_STRING);

 die_if(eeprom_open(DEVICE_FILE_STRING, DEVICE_ADDRESS, EEPROM_TYPE_8BIT_ADDR, &eeprom_device_struct) < 0,

   "unable to open eeprom device file "

   "(check that the file exists and that it's readable)");

 switch(op) {

 case 'r':

  fprintf(stderr, " Reading 256 bytes from 0x0\n");

  read_from_eeprom(&eeprom_device_struct, 0, 256);

  break;

 case 'w':

  fprintf(stderr, " Writing 0x00-0xff into 24C08 \n");

  write_to_eeprom(&eeprom_device_struct, 0);

  break;

 default:

  usage_if(1);

  exit(1);

 }

 eeprom_close(&eeprom_device_struct);

 

 return 0;

}

二、编译

在 i2c 目录

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

 三.思考题

1.i2c总线的优点?

(1)I2C总线最主要的优点是其简单性和有效性。由于接口直接在组件之上,因此I2C总线占用的空间非常小,减少了电路板的空间和芯片管脚的数量,降低了互联成本。

(2)它只需数据(SDA)和时钟(SCL)两根总线就可以支持主设备与多个从设备之间进行通信。

(3)I2C总线具有极低的电流消耗,抗噪声干扰能力强,可兼容不同电压等级的器件,工作温度范围宽。

2. I2C总线的启动信号和结束信号有什么特点。

• 启动:在时钟线SCL保持高电平期间,数据线SDA上的电平被拉低(即负跳变),定义为I2C总线总线的启动信号,它标志着一次数据传输的开始。启动信号是一种电平跳变时序信号,而不是一个电平信号。启动信号是由主控器主动建立的,在建立该信号之前I2C总线必须处于空闲状态。

• 结束:在时钟线SCL保持高电平期间,数据线SDA被释放,使得SDA返回高电平(即正跳变),称为I2C总线的停止信号,它标志着一次数据传输的终止。停止信号也是一种电平跳变时序信号,而不是一个电平信号,停止信号也是由主控器主动建立的,建立该信号之后,I2C总线将返回空闲状态。

四、提高项

使用 ${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc 编译各个程序

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_9,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

 

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

在开发板内 mount nfs,并运行各个程序

1)在主机根目录建立 /nfs 并更改权限

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_162)添加目录到共享 

sudo vim /etc/export

添加代码

/nfs * (rw,async,wde

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

 3)启动 nfs 服务

/usr/sbin/exportfs -a

service nfs-kernel-server restart

service nfs-kernel-server status

2.登陆开发板

~/ubuntu-18.04_imx6ul_qemu_system/qemu-imx6ull-nogui.sh ##不调用gui的启动,资源占用少

3. mount nfs

将主机已经设定好的共享目录 /nfs 挂载(mount)到开发板的 /root/mnt 目录下

mount -t nfs -o nolock 10.0.2.2:/nfs /root/mnt ##10.0.2.2是开发板默认给主机分配的 ip

4.如果之前已经编译好的话直接运行 i2c 程序

./i2c -w

./i2c -r

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_19,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAQXVnZW5zdGVybsK3S1VO,size_10,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16 

 

 

 

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