问题:
给定一个单词数组和一个长度 maxWidth,重新排版单词,使其成为每行恰好有 maxWidth 个字符,且左右两端对齐的文本。
你应该使用“贪心算法”来放置给定的单词;也就是说,尽可能多地往每行中放置单词。必要时可用空格 ' ' 填充,使得每行恰好有 maxWidth 个字符。
要求尽可能均匀分配单词间的空格数量。如果某一行单词间的空格不能均匀分配,则左侧放置的空格数要多于右侧的空格数。
文本的最后一行应为左对齐,且单词之间不插入额外的空格。
说明:
单词是指由非空格字符组成的字符序列。
每个单词的长度大于 0,小于等于 maxWidth。
输入单词数组 words 至少包含一个单词。
示例:
输入:
words = ["This", "is", "an", "example", "of", "text", "justification."]
maxWidth = 16
输出:
[
"This is an",
"example of text",
"justification. "
]
示例 2:
输入:
words = ["What","must","be","acknowledgment","shall","be"]
maxWidth = 16
输出:
[
"What must be",
"acknowledgment ",
"shall be "
]
解释: 注意最后一行的格式应为 "shall be " 而不是 "shall be"
因为最后一行应为左对齐,而不是左右两端对齐,第二行同样为左对齐,这是因为这行只包含一个单词。
示例 3:
输入:
words = ["Science","is","what","we","understand","well","enough","to","explain",
"to","a","computer.","Art","is","everything","else","we","do"]
maxWidth = 20
输出:
[
"Science is what we",
"understand well",
"enough to explain to",
"a computer. Art is",
"everything else we",
"do "
]
以下程序实现了这一功能,请你填补空白处内容:
class Solution {
public List<String> fullJustify(String[] words, int maxWidth) {
List<String> ret = new ArrayList<>();
int index = 0;
while (index < words.length) {
int cur = index, len = 0;
while (cur < words.length && len + words[cur].length() + cur - index <= maxWidth) {
len = len + words[cur++].length();
}
cur--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (cur == words.length - 1) {
for (int i = index; i <= cur; i++) {
sb.append(words[i]);
if (i < cur) {
sb.append(' ');
}
}
} else {
int base = cur > index ? (maxWidth - len) / (cur - index) : (maxWidth - len);
String baseStr = genSpace(base);
int left = cur > index ? (maxWidth - len) % (cur - index) : 0;
String leftStr = genSpace(base + 1);
for (int i = index; i <= cur; i++) {
sb.append(words[i]);
___________________;
}
}
if (sb.length() < maxWidth) {
sb.append(genSpace(maxWidth - sb.length()));
}
ret.add(sb.toString());
index = cur + 1;
}
return ret;
}
private String genSpace(int n) {
char[] cs = new char[n];
Arrays.fill(cs, ' ');
return new String(cs);
}
}
解答思路:
以下是一个使用 Java 实现的解决方案:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
class Solution {
public List<String> fullJustify(String[] words, int maxWidth) {
List<String> ret = new ArrayList<>();
int index = 0;
while (index < words.length) {
int cur = index, len = 0;
while (cur < words.length && len + words[cur].length() + cur - index <= maxWidth) {
len = len + words[cur++].length();
}
cur--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (cur == words.length - 1) {
for (int i = index; i <= cur; i++) {
sb.append(words[i]);
if (i < cur) {
sb.append(' ');
}
}
} else {
int base = cur > index? (maxWidth - len) / (cur - index) : (maxWidth - len);
String baseStr = genSpace(base);
int left = cur > index? (maxWidth - len) % (cur - index) : 0;
String leftStr = genSpace(base + 1);
for (int i = index; i <= cur; i++) {
sb.append(words[i]);
if (i < cur) {
if (i < left) {
sb.append(leftStr);
} else {
sb.append(baseStr);
}
}
}
}
if (sb.length() < maxWidth) {
sb.append(genSpace(maxWidth - sb.length()));
}
ret.add(sb.toString());
index = cur + 1;
}
return ret;
}
private String genSpace(int n) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sb.append(' ');
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Solution solution = new Solution();
String[] words = {"Science", "is", "what", "we", "understand", "well", "enough", "to", "explain", "to", "a", "computer.", "Art", "is", "everything", "else", "we", "do"};
int maxWidth = 20;
List<String> ret = solution.fullJustify(words, maxWidth);
for (String s : ret) {
System.out.println(s);
}
}
}
(文章为作者在学习java过程中的一些个人体会总结和借鉴,如有不当、错误的地方,请各位大佬批评指正,定当努力改正,如有侵权请联系作者删帖。)