1.定义一个Person类
属性:String name, boolean gender, int age, int id ,所有的变量必须为私有(private)。
无参构造函数:Person(), 功能:打印This is constructor 。
有参构造函数:Person(name, gender, age) ,功能:给属性赋值。
建议:使用Eclipse自动生成toString方法
2.定义类的初始化块
为Person类加入初始化块,在初始化块中对id属性赋值,并且要保证每次的值比上次创建的对象的值+1。然后在下一行打印This is initialization block, id is ... 其中...是id的值。
提示:可为Person类定义一个static属性来记录所创建的对象个数。
3.编写静态初始化块
打印This is static initialization block
4.编写main方法
首先输入n,代表要创建的对象数量。
然后从控制台分别读取n行的name age gender, 并调用有参构造函数Person(name, age, gender)新建对象 。
将创建好的n个对象逆序输出(即输出toString()方法)。
使用无参构造函数新建一个Person对象,然后直接打印该对象。
思考
初始化类与对象有几种方法,构造函数、初始化块、静态初始化块。这三种方法执行的先后顺序是什么?各执行几次。
输入样例:
3
a 11 false
b 12 true
c 10 false
输出样例:
This is static initialization block
This is initialization block, id is 0
This is initialization block, id is 1
This is initialization block, id is 2
Person [name=c, age=10, gender=false, id=2]
Person [name=b, age=12, gender=true, id=1]
Person [name=a, age=11, gender=false, id=0]
This is initialization block, id is 3
This is constructor
null,0,false,3
Person [name=null, age=0, gender=false, id=3]
代码长度限制16 KB
时间限制400 ms
内存限制64 MB
import java.util.Scanner;
class Person {
private String name;
private boolean gender;
private int age;
private int id;
private static int count = 0;
{
setId(count++);
System.out.println("This is initialization block, id is " + id);
}
static {
System.out.println("This is static initialization block");
}
public Person() {
System.out.println("This is constructor");
System.out.println(name+","+age+","+gender+","+id);
}
public Person(String name, int age, boolean gender) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public boolean isGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(boolean gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [" +
"name=" + name +
", age=" + age +
", gender=" + gender +
", id=" + id +
']';
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int n = sc.nextInt();
Person[] person = new Person[n];
for (int i = person.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
String name = sc.next();
int age = sc.nextInt();
boolean gender = sc.nextBoolean();
Person p = new Person(name,age,gender);
person[i] = p;
}
for (Person per: person) {
System.out.println(per);
}
Person person1 = new Person();
System.out.println(person1.toString());
}
}