目录
实验一:
1、拓扑图
2、需求:
1)全网互联互通
2)SW1远程控制SW2和SW3
3、配置步骤
4、配置命令:
SW4配置: sysname SW4 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 # stp region-configuration region-name tedu instance 1 vlan 10 20 instance 2 vlan 30 40 active region-configuration # interface Eth-Trunk1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface Eth-Trunk2 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 eth-trunk 1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 eth-trunk 1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 eth-trunk 2 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 eth-trunk 2 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5 port hybrid pvid vlan 10 port hybrid untagged vlan 10 20 30 40 # SW5配置: sysname SW5 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 # stp region-configuration region-name tedu instance 1 vlan 10 20 instance 2 vlan 30 40 active region-configuration # interface Eth-Trunk3 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface Eth-Trunk4 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 eth-trunk 3 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 eth-trunk 3 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 eth-trunk 4 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 eth-trunk 4 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5 port hybrid pvid vlan 20 port hybrid untagged vlan 10 20 30 40 SW6配置: sysname SW6 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 # stp region-configuration region-name tedu instance 1 vlan 10 20 instance 2 vlan 30 40 active region-configuration # interface Eth-Trunk5 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface Eth-Trunk6 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 eth-trunk 5 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 eth-trunk 5 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 eth-trunk 6 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 eth-trunk 6 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5 port hybrid pvid vlan 30 port hybrid untagged vlan 10 20 30 40 SW7配置: sysname SW7 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 # stp region-configuration region-name tedu instance 1 vlan 10 20 instance 2 vlan 30 40 active region-configuration # interface Eth-Trunk7 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface Eth-Trunk8 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 mode lacp-static # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 eth-trunk 7 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 eth-trunk 7 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 eth-trunk 8 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 eth-trunk 8 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5 port hybrid pvid vlan 40 port hybrid untagged vlan 10 20 30 40 SW2的配置: sysname SW2 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 # stp instance 1 priority 4096 stp instance 2 priority 8192 # lacp priority 100 # stp region-configuration region-name tedu instance 1 vlan 10 20 instance 2 vlan 30 40 active region-configuration # aaa local-user ntd02 password cipher 123 local-user ntd02 privilege level 15 local-user ntd02 service-type telnet # interface Vlanif1 ip address 192.168.123.22 255.255.255.0 //管理vlan:用于SW1远程控制SW2 # interface Eth-Trunk1 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk3 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk5 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk7 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk9 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 eth-trunk 1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 eth-trunk 1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 eth-trunk 3 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 eth-trunk 3 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5 eth-trunk 5 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6 eth-trunk 5 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7 eth-trunk 7 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8 eth-trunk 7 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9 port hybrid tagged vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 eth-trunk 9 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20 eth-trunk 9 # user-interface vty 0 4 authentication-mode aaa SW3配置: sysname SW3 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 # stp instance 1 priority 8192 stp instance 2 priority 4096 # lacp priority 150 # stp region-configuration region-name tedu instance 1 vlan 10 20 instance 2 vlan 30 40 active region-configuration # aaa local-user ntd03 password cipher 123 local-user ntd03 privilege level 15 local-user ntd03 service-type telnet # interface Vlanif1 ip address 192.168.123.33 255.255.255.0 # interface Eth-Trunk2 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk4 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk6 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk8 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface Eth-Trunk9 mode lacp-static port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 eth-trunk 2 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 eth-trunk 2 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 eth-trunk 4 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 eth-trunk 4 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5 eth-trunk 6 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6 eth-trunk 6 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7 eth-trunk 8 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8 eth-trunk 8 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9 port hybrid tagged vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 eth-trunk 9 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20 eth-trunk 9 # user-interface vty 0 4 authentication-mode aaa SW1配置: sysname SW1 # vlan batch 10 20 30 40 66 # interface Vlanif1 ip address 192.168.123.123 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif10 ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif20 ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif30 ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif40 ip address 192.168.40.254 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif66 ip address 192.168.66.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port hybrid tagged vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port hybrid tagged vlan 10 20 30 40 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type access port default vlan 66 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.66.2 R1配置: sysname R1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 192.168.88.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.66.2 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2.80 dot1q termination vid 80 ip address 192.168.80.254 255.255.255.0 arp broadcast enable # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2.90 dot1q termination vid 90 arp broadcast enable # ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.66.1 ip route-static 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.66.1 ip route-static 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.66.1 ip route-static 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.66.1 ip route-static 192.168.50.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.88.2 SW8配置: sysname SW8 # vlan batch 50 60 70 88 100 # vlan 100 aggregate-vlan access-vlan 50 60 70 # interface Vlanif88 ip address 192.168.88.2 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlanif100 ip address 192.168.50.254 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 50 60 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 50 60 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 50 60 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type access port default vlan 88 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.88.1 SW9配置: sysname SW9 # vlan batch 50 60 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 50 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 50 60 70 SW10配置: sysname SW10 # vlan batch 50 60 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 60 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 50 60 70 SW11配置: sysname SW11 # vlan batch 50 60 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 70 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 50 60 70 SW12配置: sysname SW12 # vlan batch 80 90 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 80 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 port link-type access port default vlan 90 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 80 90
实验二:
拓扑图:
需求
1)公司有三个部门,财务部,市场部,技术部,为了内网安全,给每个部门单独划分一个VLAN
-财务部:vlan10、市场部:vlan20、技术部:vlan30
-公司所有部门,所有VLAN内的主机都通过DHCP服务器分发IP地址
解决方案:vlan技术
2)所有部门中都使用了网关冗余技术,为了增强网关稳定性和冗余性
-配置VRRP
-SW5是VLAN10和VLAN20的Master ,是VLAN30的Backup
-SW6是VLAN10和VLAN20的Backup,是VLAN30的Master
解决方案:VRRP技术+vlanif
3)交换机之间存在很多冗余链路,必须防止广播风暴的发生,并且能够提高链路的利用率,
要求每个部门的主机访问其他主机时,使用的都是最优的转发路径
-配置MSTP
-SW5是VLAN10和VLAN20的主根 ,是VLAN30和vlan50的备根
-SW6是VLAN10和VLAN20的备根 ,是VLAN30和vlan50的主根
解决方案:MSTP技术
4)公司所有部门,所有VLAN内的主机都通过DHCP服务器分发IP地址
-VLAN10和vlan20的主机通过SW5这台DHCP中继获取IP地址
-VLAN30的主机通过SW6这台DHCP中继获取IP地址
解决方案:DHCP和DHCP中继
5)部署地址池NAT,实现内网主机访问外网
解决方案:NAT和ACL+路由
配置步骤
第一步:SW1/SW2/SW3基础配置
-3台交换机创建vlan10/vlan20/vlan30/vlan50
-与PC互联的接口配置为access,并接入指定的vlan
-与SW5和SW6交换机互联的接口配置为trunk,允许所有vlan通过
第二步:SW5和SW6的-基础配置
-创建vlan10/vlan20/vlan30/vlan50
-配置vlanif虚接口地址:SW5: 192.168.xx.251 SW6: 192.168.xx.252
-与SW1/SW2/SW3互联的接口配置trunk,允许所有vlan通过
-SW5和SW6互联的接口也做trunk ,允许所有vlan通过
-SW5与R3-DHCP 服务器互联的接口配置access ,加入vlan50
第三步:配置VRRP
-在vlanif虚接口下配置VRRP
-让SW5成为vlan10/vlan20的Master,vlan30的Backup
-让SW6成为vlan30的Master,vlan10/vlan20的Backup
第四步:配置MSTP
-在所有的交换机中配置MSTP
-让SW5成为vlan10/vlan20的主根,vlan30/vlan50的备根
-让SW6成为vlan30/vlan50的主根、vlan10/vlan20的备根
第五步:配置DHCP服务器
-在R3-DHCP系统视图下开启dhcp 功能
-R3-DHCP中创建IP地址池(网段、网关、dns)
-R3-DHCP中配置默认路由,下一跳为192.168.50.251 (配置回程路由,回应DHCP请求)
-在R3-DHCP-g0/0/0接口下配置IP地址:192.168.50.1
-在R3-DHCP-g0/0/0接口下开启基于全局的DHCP
第六步:配置SW5和SW6-DHCP中继
-在系统视图下,开启dhcp 功能
-在每个vlanif虚接口下开启dhcp中继,并配置DHCP服务器IP:192.168.50.1
第七步:配置接口IP地址
-R1配置接口IP地址
-R4配置接口IP地址-ISP-dx的接口IP地址
-server1 和client1 配置IP地址
第八步:SW5/SW6和出口设备R1互联配置
-在SW5中创建vlan15,并将g0/0/7接口加入vlan15
-在SW5中配置vlanif 15的接口IP地址
-在SW5中配置默认路由,下一跳指向出口设备R1,实现将企业内网数据转发给出口设备
-在SW6中创建vlan16,并将g0/0/7接口加入vlan16
-在SW6中配置vlanif 16的接口IP地址
-在SW6中配置默认路由,下一跳指向出口设备R1,实现将企业内网数据转发给出口设备
-在R1配置去往vlan10/vlan20/vlan30网段的回程路由,下一跳分别指SW5和SW6
第九步:R1配置默认路由和NAT
-R1配置默认路由,下一跳指向公网网关
-R1配置NAT地址池
-R1配置ACL,定义允许那些内网网段访问外网
-R1在出接口g0/0/2中配置地址池NAT
第十步:扩展知识
配置命令
第一步:SW1/SW2/SW3基础配置 [Huawei]sys SW1 [SW1]vlan batch 10 20 30 50 [SW1]int g0/0/1 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [SW1]port-group group-member g0/0/2 g0/0/3 [SW1-port-group]port link-type trunk [SW1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [Huawei]sys SW2 [SW2]vlan batch 10 20 30 50 [SW2]int g0/0/1 [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 20 [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [SW2]port-group group-member g0/0/2 g0/0/3 [SW2-port-group]port link-type trunk [SW2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [Huawei]sys SW3 [SW3]vlan batch 10 20 30 50 [SW3]int g0/0/1 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 30 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [SW3]port-group group-member g0/0/2 g0/0/3 [SW3-port-group]port link-type trunk [SW3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all 第二步:SW5和SW6的-基础配置 [Huawei]sys HX_SW5 [HX_SW5]vlan batch 10 20 30 50 [HX_SW5]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/3 g0/0/6 [HX_SW5-port-group]port link-type trunk [HX_SW5-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [HX_SW5-port-group]quit [HX_SW5]int vlan 10 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.251 24 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.251 24 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]int vlan 30 [HX_SW5-Vlanif30]ip add 192.168.30.251 24 [HX_SW5-Vlanif30]int vlan 50 [HX_SW5-Vlanif50]ip add 192.168.50.251 24 [HX_SW5]int g0/0/5 [HX_SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access [HX_SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 50 [Huawei]sys HX_SW6 [HX_SW6]vlan batch 10 20 30 50 [HX_SW6]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/3 g0/0/6 [HX_SW6-port-group]port link-type trunk [HX_SW6-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [HX_SW6-port-group]quit [HX_SW6]int vlan 10 [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.252 24 [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.252 24 [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]int vlan 30 [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]ip add 192.168.30.252 24 [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]int vlan 50 [HX_SW6-Vlanif50]ip add 192.168.50.252 24 第三步:配置VRRP [HX_SW5]int vlan 10 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 priority 130 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 priority 130 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]int vlan 30 [HX_SW5-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.254 [HX_SW6]int vlan 10 [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254 [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254 [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]int vlan 30 [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.254 [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 priority 130 第四步:配置MSTP [HX_SW5]stp region-configuration //进入mst域的配置 [HX_SW5-mst-region]region-name ntd2306 //创建域的名字 [HX_SW5-mst-region]instance 5 vlan 50 //创建实例树5 绑定vlan50 [HX_SW5-mst-region]instance 10 vlan 10 //创建实例树10 绑定vlan10 [HX_SW5-mst-region]instance 20 vlan 20 //创建实例树20 绑定vlan20 [HX_SW5-mst-region]instance 30 vlan 30 //创建实例树30 绑定vlan30 [HX_SW5-mst-region]active region-configuration //激活这个区域 [HX_SW6]stp region-configuration [HX_SW6-mst-region] region-name ntd2306 [HX_SW6-mst-region] instance 5 vlan 50 [HX_SW6-mst-region] instance 10 vlan 10 [HX_SW6-mst-region] instance 20 vlan 20 [HX_SW6-mst-region] instance 30 vlan 30 [HX_SW6-mst-region] active region-configuration [SW1]stp region-configuration [SW1-mst-region] region-name ntd2306 [SW1-mst-region] instance 5 vlan 50 [SW1-mst-region] instance 10 vlan 10 [SW1-mst-region] instance 20 vlan 20 [SW1-mst-region] instance 30 vlan 30 [SW1-mst-region] active region-configuration [SW2]stp region-configuration [SW2-mst-region] region-name ntd2306 [SW2-mst-region] instance 5 vlan 50 [SW2-mst-region] instance 10 vlan 10 [SW2-mst-region] instance 20 vlan 20 [SW2-mst-region] instance 30 vlan 30 [SW2-mst-region] active region-configuration [SW3]stp region-configuration [SW3-mst-region] region-name ntd2306 [SW3-mst-region] instance 5 vlan 50 [SW3-mst-region] instance 10 vlan 10 [SW3-mst-region] instance 20 vlan 20 [SW3-mst-region] instance 30 vlan 30 [SW3-mst-region] active region-configuration [HX_SW5]stp instance 10 priority 4096 SW5是vlan10的主根 [HX_SW5]stp instance 20 priority 4096 SW5是vlan20的主根 [HX_SW5]stp instance 30 priority 8192 [HX_SW5]stp instance 5 priority 8192 [HX_SW6]stp instance 10 priority 8192 [HX_SW6]stp instance 20 priority 8192 [HX_SW6]stp instance 30 priority 4096 SW6是vlan30的主根 [HX_SW6]stp instance 5 priority 4096 SW6是vlan50的主根 备注:另外一种设置主根和备根的配置命令---参考 [HX_SW6]stp instance 5 root primary //设置主根后,优先级默认为0 [HX_SW6]stp instance 5 root secondary //设置备根后,优先级默认为4096 第五步:配置DHCP服务器 [Huawei]sys R3_DHCP 1)开启dhcp功能 [R3_DHCP]dhcp enable 2)创建dhcp地址池 [R3_DHCP]ip pool vlan10 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan10]network 192.168.10.0 mask 24 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan10]gateway-list 192.168.10.254 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan10]dns-list 8.8.8.8 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan10]ip pool vlan20 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan20]network 192.168.20.0 mask 24 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan20]gateway-list 192.168.20.254 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan20]dns-list 8.8.8.8 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan20]ip pool vlan30 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan30]network 192.168.30.0 mask 24 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan30]gateway-list 192.168.30.254 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan30]dns-list 8.8.8.8 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan30]quit 3)配置接口IP地址,在接口下开启基于全局的dhcp [R3_DHCP]int g0/0/0 [R3_DHCP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.50.1 24 [R3_DHCP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global [R3_DHCP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 4)在dhcp服务器中配置回程的默认,让dhcp服务器能够给dhcp中继回包 [R3_DHCP]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.50.251 第六步:配置SW5和SW6-DHCP中继 1)开启dhcp 功能 [HX_SW5]dhcp enable 2)开启dhcp中继 [HX_SW5]int vlan 10 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]dhcp select relay [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.50.1 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]dhcp select relay [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.50.1 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]int vlan 30 [HX_SW5-Vlanif30]dhcp select relay [HX_SW5-Vlanif30]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.50.1 1)开启dhcp功能 [HX_SW6]dhcp enable 2)配置dhcp中继 [HX_SW6]int vlan 10 [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]dhcp select relay [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.50.1 [HX_SW6-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]dhcp select relay [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.50.1 [HX_SW6-Vlanif20]int vlan 30 [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]dhcp select relay [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.50.1 第七步:配置接口IP地址 [Huawei]sys ISP-dx [ISP-dx]int g0/0/0 [ISP-dx-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 100.1.1.2 29 [ISP-dx-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [ISP-dx-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 200.1.1.254 24 [Huawei]sys R1 [R1]int g0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.15.1 24 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.16.1 24 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 100.1.1.1 29 第八步:SW5/SW6和出口设备R1互联配置 [HX_SW5]vlan 15 [HX_SW5-vlan15]quit [HX_SW5]int vlan 15 [HX_SW5-Vlanif15]ip add 192.168.15.5 24 [HX_SW5-Vlanif15]quit [HX_SW5]int g0/0/7 [HX_SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port link-type access [HX_SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port default vlan 15 [HX_SW6]vlan 16 [HX_SW6-vlan16]quit [HX_SW6]int vlan 16 [HX_SW6-Vlanif16]ip add 192.168.16.6 24 [HX_SW6-Vlanif16]quit [HX_SW6]int g0/0/7 [HX_SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port link-type access [HX_SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port default vlan 16 [HX_SW5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.15.1 [HX_SW6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.1 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.15.5 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.16.6 preference 70 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.15.5 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.16.6 preference 70 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.30.0 24 192.168.16.6 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.30.0 24 192.168.15.5 preference 70 第九步:R1配置默认路由和NAT [R1]nat address-group 1 100.1.1.3 100.1.1.5 [R1]acl 2000 [R1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 [R1-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 permit source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 [R1-acl-basic-2000]rule 30 permit source 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 [R1-acl-basic-2000]quit [R1]int g0/0/2 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000 address-group 1 [R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.1.2 第十步:扩展知识 1)上行链路跟踪 [HX_SW5]int vlan 10 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 track int g0/0/7 reduced 50 [HX_SW5-Vlanif10]int vlan 20 [HX_SW5-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 track int g0/0/7 reduced 50 [HX_SW6]int vlan 30 [HX_SW6-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 track int g0/0/7 reduced 50 [SW1]int g0/0/4 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 10 1)先关闭PC的DHCP 2)在dhcp服务器的用户视图下,重置IP地址池 <R3_DHCP>reset ip pool name vlan10 all 3)进入ip pool vlan10 ,做地址排除 <R3_DHCP>sys [R3_DHCP]ip pool vlan10 [R3_DHCP-ip-pool-vlan10]excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.240 192.168.10.253 第二种解决方案: [R3_DHCP]dhcp server ping packet 4 //开启ping探测,每次发送4个探测报文 [R3_DHCP]dhcp server ping timeout 100 //每个探测报文的超时时间为100毫秒