WLAN---实验

网工—tea
已于 2023-12-22 14:35:43 修改
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分类专栏：综合实验文章标签：网络 tcp/ip 网络协议运维信息与通信
于 2023-12-22 08:48:34 首次发布
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_72194028/article/details/135144499
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WLAN---实验

2、需求：无线终端可以连接无线网络，实现数据互通
4、配置命令
第一步：AP上线 
 1、：配置AP上线：基础配置之让AP可以通过DHCP获取IP地址 
 1）汇聚交换机创建vlan, 配置端口角色 
[hj-sw1]vlan batch 100 200 210
[hj-sw1]port-group group-member g0/0/1  to   g0/0/5
[hj-sw1-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[hj-sw1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all


 2）核心交换机创建vlan, 配置vlanif虚接口IP地址，配置端口角色 
[HX-SW2]vlan batch 100 200 210 

[HX-SW2]int vlan 100
[HX-SW2-Vlanif100]ip add 192.168.100.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif100]int vlan 200
[HX-SW2-Vlanif200]ip add 192.168.200.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif200]int vlan 210
[HX-SW2-Vlanif210]ip add 192.168.210.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif210]quit

[HX-SW2]int g0/0/2
[HX-SW2-G0/0/2]port link-type trunk 
[HX-SW2-G0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[HX-SW2-G0/0/2]quit
[HX-SW2]int g0/0/1
[HX-SW2-G0/0/1]port link-type access
[HX-SW2-G0/0/1]port default vlan 210
[HX-SW2-G0/0/1]quit
[HX-SW2]int g0/0/10
[HX-SW2-G0/0/10]port link-type access
[HX-SW2-G0/0/10]port default vlan 200
[HX-SW2-G0/0/10]quit

 3）DHCP-R1配置DHCP功能，配置IP地址池 
[DHCP-R1]dhcp enable
[DHCP-R1]ip pool vlan100
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan100]network 192.168.100.0  mask 24
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan100]gateway-list 192.168.100.254
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan100]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan100]quit

[DHCP-R1]int g0/0/0
[DHCP-R1-G0/0/0]ip add 192.168.210.1 24
[DHCP-R1-G0/0/0]dhcp select global

 4）核心交换机SW2配置DHCP中继 
[HX-SW2]dhcp enable
[HX-SW2]int vlan 100
[HX-SW2-Vlanif100]dhcp select  relay
[HX-SW2-Vlanif100]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.210.1

 5) DHCP-R1 配置去往中继的回程路由（默认路由） 
[DHCP-R1]ip  route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.210.254

 6）在hj-SW1中修改g0/0/2-g0/0/5的pvid为vlan100 
[hj-sw1]port-group group-member g0/0/2 to g0/0/5
[hj-sw1-port-group]port trunk pvid vlan 100

备注：修改hj-sw1-g0/0/2 g0/0/3 g0/0/4  g0/0/5 接口的pvid改为vlan100的目的是：
     让AP能够和核心交换机中的AP的网关地址（192.168.100.254-DHCP中继地址）能够通信
     AP和DHCP中继能够互通后，AP发送的DHCP发现报文才能被中继设备转发给DHCP服务器
     AP才可以获取到IP地址
     
     备注：如果不修改hj-sw1-g0/0/2 g0/0/3 g0/0/4  g0/0/5 接口的pvid为vlan100的话，
          AP发送的流量默认属于vlan1 是无法和vlanif100通信的


 验证：验证AP是否能够获取IP地址 
 <Huawei>dis system-information     //在AP中验证是否获取IP地址 
System Information
===============================================
Serial Number            : 21023544831070413239   :SN码
System Name              : Huawei                 ：系统名字（华为的设备）
Country Code             : US                     ：国家代码：US (美国）
MAC Address              : 00:e0:fc:80:62:20      ：MAC地址
Radio 0 MAC Address      : 00:00:00:00:00:00      ：射频信号频段  2.4GHz
Radio 1 MAC Address      : 00:00:00:00:00:10      : 射频信号频段  5GHz
 IP Address               : 192.168.100.252        :成功从dhcp 获取IP地址
Subnet Mask              : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway          : 192.168.100.254 

<Huawei>display ip int brief   //查看vlanif 的接口IP地址 



 2、配置AP上线 ： 在AC和AP之间建立capwap隧道 
 1）在AC中创建vlan200 并且把g0/0/10加入vlan200, 改为access 
[AC6605]vlan 200
[AC6605-vlan200]quit
[AC6605]int vlan 200
[AC6605-Vlanif200]ip add 192.168.200.10 24
[AC6605-Vlanif200]quit
[AC6605]int g0/0/10
[AC6605-G0/0/10]port link-type access
[AC6605-G0/0/10]port default vlan 200 

 2）在AC中配置默认路由，能够实现和AP互联互通 
[AC6605]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.200.254   
 备注：让AC可以和不同网段的AP实现互联互通 


3）在DHCP服务中配置dhcp option 43：让AP知道AC的管理地址
[DHCP-R1]ip pool vlan100 
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan100]option 43  sub-option 1 ip-address 192.168.200.10

 备注：修改完option 43后，记得重启一下所有的AP设备 

备注：AC要统一管理几百台AP设备，AP和AC之间的协议报文-管理流量要实现交互
     所以AP和AC要建立capwap 隧道， 所以AP必须知道AC的管理IP地址 
     但是AP不清楚AC的管理IP地址是多少，所以就要让DHCP服务器告诉所有的AP
     为什么要选择DHCP服务器呢，因为每一台AP开机的时候，都要从DHCP哪里获取IP地址
     
     DHCP怎么告诉AP，AC的管理IP地址呢？
     利用dhcp报文中，option 43 字段，下发AC的管理IP地址，给AP
     option 43 的编码方式，默认是3种  (option 43只针对IPv4地址）
     1）ascll  : ascll编码，优势：标点符号也可以编进去，可以连续写多个IP地址
     2）hex:    16进制，要把IP地址改成16进制数，填写
     3）ip-address :10进制，把IP地址填写进去
     
     通过抓包：获取dhcp报文中option 43的值
     01:04:c0:a8:c8:0a
     备注： c0:a8:c8:0a  16进制数翻译为ipv4地址为 ：192.168.200.10


 4) 在AC中配置capwap 隧道 --在AC和AP之间建立隧道 
[AC6605] capwap source ip-address  192.168.200.10 

备注：创建capwap 隧道，指定隧道的源地址为AC的管理IP：192.168.200.10
=========================================
备注：可以定义源接口，也可以定义源IP地址 :两条命令
capwap source ip-address  192.168.200.10
capwap source interface   vlanif 200
=========================================

 5）在AC中填写AP的MAC地址，让AC知道AP的存在 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 1 ap-mac 00e0-fcb2-13f0
[AC6605-wlan-ap-1]quit
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 2 ap-mac 00e0-fcdd-4060
[AC6605-wlan-ap-2]quit
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 3 ap-mac 00e0-fcd6-4110
[AC6605-wlan-ap-3]quit
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 4 ap-mac 00e0-fc69-7790

 验证： 
 1）AP和AC网络要互联互通 
[AC6605]ping  192.168.200.254
[AC6605]ping  192.168.100.253
[AC6605]ping  192.168.100.252
[AC6605]ping  192.168.100.251
[AC6605]ping  192.168.100.250

[AC6605] dis ap all  //AC上查看ap注册信息
=========================================================================
排错方法：
1.检查AP是否获取IP地址了
2.检查AC能否ping通AP1     ---检查网络是否通
3.检查option参数          ---去dhcp服务器中ip pool 100中检查 option 是否配置正确
4.检查capwap隧道地址      --在AC中，检查capwap 隧道是否配置
5.重启ap                 --等待3分钟，看是否上线，如果不上线，重启ap


[AC6605]dis ap all
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
Total AP information:
nor  : normal          [4]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ID   MAC            Name           Group   IP              Type            State
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1    00e0-fcb2-13f0 00e0-fcb2-13f0 default 192.168.100.253 AP6050DN        nor  
2    00e0-fcdd-4060 00e0-fcdd-4060 default 192.168.100.251 AP6050DN        nor  
3    00e0-fcd6-4110 00e0-fcd6-4110 default 192.168.100.250 AP6050DN        nor  
4    00e0-fc69-7790 00e0-fc69-7790 default 192.168.100.252 AP6050DN        nor  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 第二步：AC下发配置给AP 
 1）创建域管理配置文件-绑定国家码 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]regulatory-domain-profile  name ntd2306
[AC6605-wlan-regulate-domain-ntd2306]country-code    cn
[AC6605-wlan-regulate-domain-ntd2306]quit
[AC6605-wlan-view]quit

 2）创建AP组-绑定域管理配置文件 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-group name bangong
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-bangong]regulatory-domain-profile ntd2306
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-bangong]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-group name xuexi
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-xuexi]regulatory-domain-profile ntd2306
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-xuexi]quit
[AC6605-wlan-view]quit


 3）创建AP组，在AP组里添加物理AP设备 
[AC6605]wlan    
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 1             //配置ap 1
[AC6605-wlan-ap-1]ap-name bangong1    //给ap1 命名为 bangong1
[AC6605-wlan-ap-1]ap-group bangong    //把ap1 加入bangong 组
[AC6605-wlan-ap-1]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 2             //配置ap 2
[AC6605-wlan-ap-2]ap-name bangong2    //给ap2 命名为 bangong2
[AC6605-wlan-ap-2]ap-group bangong    //把ap2 加入bangong 组
[AC6605-wlan-ap-2]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 3             //配置ap 3
[AC6605-wlan-ap-3]ap-name xuexi1      //给ap3 命名为 xuexi1
[AC6605-wlan-ap-3]ap-group xuexi      //把ap3 加入xuexi组
[AC6605-wlan-ap-3]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-id 4             //配置ap 4
[AC6605-wlan-ap-4]ap-name xuexi2      //给ap4 命名为 xuexi2
[AC6605-wlan-ap-4]ap-group xuexi      //把ap4 加入xuexi组

 4）验证AP设备是否加入AP组 
[AC6605] dis ap all 
Total AP information:
nor  : normal          [4]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ID   MAC            Name     Group   IP              Type           State 
ptime
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    00e0-fcb2-13f0 bangong1 bangong 192.168.100.253 AP6050DN        nor  
2    00e0-fcdd-4060 bangong2 bangong 192.168.100.251 AP6050DN        nor   
3    00e0-fcd6-4110 xuexi1   xuexi   192.168.100.250 AP6050DN        nor  
4    00e0-fc69-7790 xuexi2   xuexi   192.168.100.252 AP6050DN        nor   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total: 4


[AC6605] dis ap-group all 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name                                APs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bangong                             2
default                             0
xuexi                               2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 3

 5）创建SSID配置文件-定义无线网名 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]ssid-profile  name bangong      //创建ssid模版，命名为bangong
[AC6605-wlan-ssid-prof-bangong]ssid bangong       //定义ssid的名字(无线网名)
[AC6605-wlan-ssid-prof-bangong]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]ssid-profile name xuexi      //创建ssid模版，命名为xuexi
[AC6605-wlan-ssid-prof-xuexi]ssid xuexi        //定义ssid的名字(无线网名)

 6）创建安全配置文件-定义无线网安全策略 预共享密钥，加密方式 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]security-profile name bangong   //创建安全模版，命名为bangong
[AC6605-wlan-sec-prof-bangong]security wpa-wpa2 psk  pass-phrase a12345678 aes
[AC6605-wlan-sec-prof-bangong]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]security-profile name xuexi
[AC6605-wlan-sec-prof-xuexi]security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase a12345678 aes
                              //定义安全策略，定义预共享密钥，定义加密方式
 备注：
wpa-wap2 ：是一种新的加密方式
psk  :预共享密钥
pass-phrase  : 口令短语 
a12345678   :设置的密钥值
aes: 高级加密算法（美国国家标准加密算法） 

7）在汇聚交换中创建vlan 101 102 103 104
[hj-SW1]vlan batch 101 102 103 104  

8) 在核心交换机中创建vlan 101 102 103 104
[HX-SW2]vlan batch 101 102 103 104 

 9) 在核心交换机中创建vlan 101 102 103 104 
[DHCP-R1]ip pool vlan101
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan101]network 192.168.101.0 mask 24
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan101]gateway-list 192.168.101.254
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan101]dns-list 8.8.8.8

[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan101]ip pool vlan102
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan102]network 192.168.102.0 mask 24
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan102]gateway-list 192.168.102.254
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan102]dns-list 8.8.8.8

[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan102]ip pool vlan103
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan103]network 192.168.103.0 mask 24
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan103]gateway-list 192.168.103.254
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan103]dns-list 8.8.8.8

[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan103]ip pool vlan104
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan104]network 192.168.104.0 mask 24
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan104]gateway-list 192.168.104.254
[DHCP-R1-ip-pool-vlan104]dns-list 8.8.8.8  

 10) 在核心交换机中，给vlanif101  102  103  104 配置IP地址
    并且做DHCP中继 

[HX-SW2]int vlan 101
[HX-SW2-Vlanif101]ip add 192.168.101.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif101]dhcp select relay
[HX-SW2-Vlanif101]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.210.1

[HX-SW2-Vlanif101]int vlan 102
[HX-SW2-Vlanif102]ip add 192.168.102.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif102]dhcp select relay
[HX-SW2-Vlanif102]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.210.1

[HX-SW2-Vlanif102]int vlan 103
[HX-SW2-Vlanif103]ip add 192.168.103.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif103]dhcp select relay
[HX-SW2-Vlanif103]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.210.1

[HX-SW2-Vlanif103]int vlan 104
[HX-SW2-Vlanif104]ip add 192.168.104.254 24
[HX-SW2-Vlanif104]dhcp select relay
[HX-SW2-Vlanif104]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.210.1


 11）在AC设备中，创建VLAN池-绑定多个VLAN： 给STA（电脑和手机）用的VLAN 
[AC6605]vlan pool bangong        //创建vlan池，命名为bangong
[AC6605-vlan-pool-bangong]vlan 101  102    //将vlan 101 102 加入bangong池
[AC6605-vlan-pool-bangong]quit
[AC6605]vlan pool xuexi         //创建vlan池，命名为xuexi
[AC6605-vlan-pool-xuexi]vlan 103 104    //将vlan 103 104 加入xuexi池

 12）创建VAP模板--绑定VLAN池子， 绑定SSID模板， 绑定安全模板 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]vap-profile  name bangong     //创建vap模版，命名为bangong
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-bangong]ssid-profile bangong    //绑定ssid模版
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-bangong]security-profile bangong   //绑定安全模版
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-bangong]service-vlan vlan-pool bangong   //绑定vlan池
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-bangong]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]vap-profile name xuexi      //创建vap模版，命名为xuexi
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-xuexi]ssid-profile xuexi      //绑定ssid模版
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-xuexi]security-profile xuexi    //绑定安全模版
[AC6605-wlan-vap-prof-xuexi]service-vlan vlan-pool xuexi  //绑定vlan池  


 13）将VAP配置文件绑定到AP组，把配置下发给AP组的物理设备 
[AC6605]wlan
[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-group name bangong    //进入ap组
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-bangong]vap-profile bangong  wlan 1 radio 0    
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-bangong]vap-profile bangong  wlan 1 radio 1
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-bangong]quit

[AC6605-wlan-view]ap-group name xuexi
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-xuexi]vap-profile xuexi wlan 1 radio 0
[AC6605-wlan-ap-group-xuexi]vap-profile xuexi wlan 1 radio 1
                           //在ap设备组里绑定vap模版，并且定义射频频段
-指定AP组的射频频段： 2.4GHz  5.0GHz