一、编写一个简单的C++程序——简单练习。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Hello World" << endl;
return 0;
}
二、语法基础。
1、变量的定义
变量必须先定义才可以使用,且不能重名。
(1)变量的定义方式:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 5;
int b, c = a, d = 10 / 2;
return 0;
}
附:常用变量及范围:
2、输入输出
(1)整数的输入输出:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b;
cin >> a >> b;
cout << a + b << endl;
return 0;
}
(2)字符串的输入输出:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str;
cin >> str;
cout << str;
return 0;
}
(3)输入输出多个不同类型的变量:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b;
string str;
cin >> a;
cin >> b >> str;
cout << str << " !!! " << a + b << endl;
return 0;
}
3、表达式:
(1)整数的加减乘除四则运算:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 6 + 3 * 4 / 2 - 2;
cout << a << endl;
int b = a * 10 + 5 / 2;
cout << b << endl;
cout << 23 * 56 - 78 / 3 << endl;
return 0;
}
(2)小数(浮点数)的运算:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
float x = 1.5, y = 3.2;
cout << x * y << ' ' << x + y << endl;
cout << x - y << ' ' << x / y << endl;
return 0;
}
(3)整型变量的自增、自减:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 1;
int b = a ++ ;
cout << a << ' ' << b << endl;
int c = ++ a;
cout << a << ' ' << c << endl;
return 0;
}
(4)变量的类型转换:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
float x = 123.12;
int y = (int)x;
cout << x << ' ' << y << endl;
return 0;
}
4、顺序语句:
(1)输出第一个整数:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b, c;
cin >> a >> b >> c;
cout << a << endl;
return 0;
}
(2)计算a*(b+c)的值:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b, c;
cin >> a >> b >> c;
cout << a*(b+c)<< endl;
return 0;
}
(3)带余除法:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b;
cin >> a >> b;
int c = a / b, d = a % b;
cout << c << ' ' << d << endl;
return 0;
}
(4)求反三位数:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n;
cin >> n;
int a = n % 10;
n = n / 10;
int b = n % 10;
n = n / 10;
int c = n;
cout << a << b << c << endl;
return 0;
}
(5)交换两个整数:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 3, b = 4;
int t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
cout << a << ' ' << b << endl;
return 0;
}
(6)输出菱形:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char c;
cin >> c;
cout << " " << c << endl;
cout << " " << c << c << c << endl;
cout << c << c << c << c << c << endl;
cout << " " << c << c << c << endl;
cout << " " << c << endl;
return 0;
}
三、总结
欢迎大家前来交流学习!